< June 30, 1996     Back to date list    August 31, 1996 >

Top 10 active players as of July 31, 1996

  #  

Player Rating +/-
1 Kasparov, Garry K286448
2 Anand, Viswanathan281047
3 Kramnik, Vladimir280847
4 Ivanchuk, Vassily279147
5 Karpov, Anatoly E275647
6 Kamsky, Gata274448
7 Topalov, Veselin273248
8 Dreev, Alexey270548
9 Salov, Valery B270150
10 Bareev, Evgeny269949

About these ratings

Top 500 active players as of July 31, 1996

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28644861.9% #233.30
2 Anand, Viswanathan28104714.3% #526.64
3 Kramnik, Vladimir28084712.6% #521.10
4 Ivanchuk, Vassily2791477.1% #627.37
5 Karpov, Anatoly E2756471.7% #1145.19
6 Kamsky, Gata2744481.0% #1422.16
7 Topalov, Veselin2732480.6% #1821.38
8 Dreev, Alexey2705480.2% #2927.53
9 Salov, Valery B2701500.1% #3232.18
10 Bareev, Evgeny2699490.1% #3329.69
11 Gelfand, Boris2699480.1% #3328.10
12 Polgar, Judit2698470.1% #3320.02
13 Shirov, Alexei2697470.1% #3324.07
14 Short, Nigel D2693480.1% #3631.16
15 Rublevsky, Sergei268650 #4121.79
16 Jussupow, Artur M268548 #4236.47
17 Ehlvest, Jaan268148 #4533.80
18 Sokolov, Ivan268047 #4528.13
19 Adams, Michael267147 #5224.70
20 Akopian, Vladimir266549 #5824.65
21 Khalifman, Alexander266547 #5830.54
22 Lautier, Joel266347 #6023.30
23 Andersson, Ulf266351 #6345.09
24 Nikolic, Predrag266048 #6435.89
25 Chernin, Alexander M265748 #6636.40
26 Seirawan, Yasser265751 #6936.35
27 Georgiev, Kiril265450 #7030.67
28 Beliavsky, Alexander G265048 #7342.62
29 Korchnoi, Viktor L264847 #7465.36
30 Svidler, Peter264848 #7620.12
31 Tiviakov, Sergei264848 #7623.46
32 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A264450 #8136.37
33 Oll, Lembit264150 #8530.27
34 Speelman, Jonathan S263749 #8939.83
35 Gulko, Boris F263748 #8749.48
36 Almasi, Zoltan263647 #9019.92
37 Epishin, Vladimir263448 #9131.05
38 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel263348 #9330.66
39 Smirin, Ilia262748 #10028.53
40 Glek, Igor V262648 #10134.73
41 Hracek, Zbynek262649 #10225.89
42 Rozentalis, Eduardas262549 #10233.18
43 Morozevich, Alexander262550 #10319.04
44 Yudasin, Leonid G262548 #10336.97
45 Malaniuk, Vladimir P262447 #10239.03
46 Agdestein, Simen262354 #10929.21
47 Sadler, Matthew262349 #10522.21
48 Novikov, Igor A262249 #10634.19
49 Timman, Jan H262148 #10744.63
50 Yermolinsky, Alex V262049 #10938.30
51 Sturua, Zurab261954 #11437.15
52 Pigusov, Evgeny261554 #11835.33
53 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y261463 #12639.53
54 Gurevich, Mikhail N261449 #11737.44
55 Piket, Jeroen261346 #11527.51
56 Miles, Anthony J261147 #11741.27
57 Vaganian, Rafael A261149 #11944.79
58 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E261152 #12329.43
59 Portisch, Lajos261051 #12359.32
60 Graf, Alexander261050 #12133.93
61 Rogers, Ian261049 #12236.10
62 Aleksandrov, Aleksej260950 #12223.22
63 Dvoiris, Semen I260950 #12437.74
64 Eingorn, Viacheslav S260751 #12639.68
65 Kožul, Zdenko260748 #12330.19
66 Ftácnik, Lubomír260749 #12438.75
67 Tkachiev, Vladislav260650 #12622.73
68 Dautov, Rustem260552 #12930.67
69 Nunn, John D M260550 #12841.27
70 Hellers, Ferdinand260559 #13427.51
71 Kharlov, Andrei260550 #12827.70
72 Zvjaginsev, Vadim260450 #12819.95
73 Sakaev, Konstantin260349 #12922.30
74 Vyzmanavin, Alexey260350 #13036.58
75 Hübner, Robert260249 #13047.73
76 Milov, Vadim260149 #13123.99
77 Savchenko, Stanislav260050 #13429.53
78 Psakhis, Lev B259948 #13437.67
79 Hansen, Curt259850 #13531.87
80 Gavrikov, Victor N259852 #13839.01
81 Rohde, Michael A259672 #15436.92
82 Razuvaev, Yury S259649 #13850.81
83 Morovic Fernández, Iván E259552 #14033.35
84 Tukmakov, Vladimir B259548 #13850.38
85 Lutz, Christopher259448 #13825.44
86 Huzman, Alexander259451 #14134.31
87 Dorfman, Iosif D259455 #14444.25
88 Lastin, Alexander259358 #14719.75
89 Alterman, Boris259348 #14026.24
90 Cvitan, Ognjen259248 #14034.81
91 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E259249 #14246.47
92 Lputian, Smbat G259050 #14438.46
93 Giorgadze, Giorgi259049 #14331.81
94 Hickl, Joerg258950 #14531.29
95 Benjamin, Joel L258850 #14632.39
96 Komarov, Dimitri258850 #14727.66
97 Dokhoian, Yury258857 #15131.76
98 Dolmatov, Sergey V258850 #14637.45
99 Kaidanov, Gregory S258750 #14936.80
100 Polgar, Zsuzsa258751 #14827.28
101 Kengis, Edvins258649 37.30
102 Krasenkow, Michal258649 32.71
103 Korneev, Oleg258548 27.02
104 Pintér, József258451 42.73
105 Spasov, Vasil258453 25.45
106 Leko, Peter258448 16.90
107 Voitsekhovsky, Stanislav258364 31.98
108 Magerramov, Elmar S258360 38.31
109 Ribli, Zoltán258350 44.90
110 Hjartarson, Jóhann258248 33.48
111 Rechlis, Gad258152 29.49
112 Fominyh, Alexander258053 37.13
113 van Wely, Loek257947 23.81
114 Kobalija, Mihail257854 18.24
115 Torre, Eugenio257864 44.74
116 Stefansson, Hannes257849 24.04
117 Onischuk, Alexander257849 20.91
118 Lobron, Eric257748 36.23
119 Hodgson, Julian M257747 33.02
120 Zaichik, Gennady L257462 39.47
121 Khenkin, Igor257449 28.36
122 Kuzmin, Alexey257359 33.40
123 Bologan, Viktor257349 24.63
124 Lalic, Bogdan257348 32.40
125 Yakovich, Yuri257250 33.67
126 Spassky, Boris V257263 59.50
127 Lerner, Konstantin Z257253 46.42
128 Kotronias, Vasilios257249 31.93
129 Shneider, Aleksandr257252 34.19
130 Pétursson, Margeir257248 36.46
131 Vaisser, Anatoli257151 47.40
132 Milos, Gilberto257052 32.75
133 deFirmian, Nicholas E257048 39.01
134 Timoshenko, Georgy256951 30.16
135 Kharitonov, Andrey Y256950 37.32
136 Wahls, Matthias256948 28.51
137 Adianto, Utut256952 31.37
138 Gleizerov, Evgeny256951 33.36
139 Gorelov, Sergey G256862 38.95
140 Polugaevsky, Lev A256759 61.70
141 Cámpora, Daniel H256750 39.09
142 Browne, Walter S256652 47.56
143 Christiansen, Larry M256649 40.09
144 Makarichev, Sergey Y256559 42.70
145 Romanishin, Oleg M256448 44.56
146 Makarov, Marat256452 33.23
147 Beim, Valery256452 46.37
148 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir256449 45.74
149 Sokolov, Andrey Y256449 33.36
150 Smagin, Sergey256352 37.90
151 Podgaets, Mikhail Y256270 49.02
152 Wang Zili256255 28.13
153 Sutovsky, Emil256250 18.87
154 Ruban, Vadim256253 32.13
155 Fedorov, Alexei256254 23.84
156 Minasian, Artashes256150 29.53
157 Watson, William N256158 34.29
158 Stohl, Igor256148 31.84
159 Bischoff, Klaus256149 35.14
160 Wolff, Patrick G255952 28.46
161 Atalik, Suat255849 31.81
162 Sagalchik, Gennadij255857 27.27
163 Aseev, Konstantin N255849 35.78
164 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander255648 33.54
165 Kosashvili, Yona255554 26.08
166 King, Daniel J255554 32.92
167 Sorokin, Maxim255551 28.52
168 Arkhipov, Sergey255554 42.11
169 Ulibin, Mikhail255550 25.17
170 Sax, Gyula255549 45.12
171 Greenfeld, Alon255449 32.29
172 Schlosser, Philipp255449 27.94
173 Balashov, Yury S255350 47.38
174 Kurajica, Bojan255350 48.71
175 Shipov, Sergei255351 30.29
176 Goldin, Alexander255349 31.43
177 Chiburdanidze, Maia G255251 35.54
178 Fedorowicz, John P255256 37.84
179 Bezgodov, Alexei255254 27.09
180 Landa, Konstantin255152 24.19
181 Xu Jun255057 33.87
182 Loginov, Valery A255049 40.63
183 Fishbein, Alexander255063 28.23
184 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N254951 50.29
185 Kuzmin, Gennady P254952 50.53
186 Pugachov, Alexey254958 30.92
187 Hansen, Lars Bo254950 27.85
188 Kruppa, Yuri254852 32.11
189 Movsesian, Sergei254850 17.74
190 Anastasian, Ashot254850 32.04
191 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y254852 52.24
192 Didishko, Vereslav254753 47.31
193 Stangl, Markus254749 27.26
194 Gurevich, Ilya254758 24.48
195 Timoshchenko, Gennady254652 47.26
196 Conquest, Stuart254649 29.41
197 Serper, Grigory254650 26.88
198 Sherbakov, Ruslan254549 26.88
199 Saltaev, Mihail254551 33.70
200 Iuldachev, Saidali254464 28.50
201 Magem Badals, Jordi254449 28.93
202 Smikovski, Ivan254362 24.13
203 Kupreichik, Viktor D254249 47.08
204 Neverov, Valery254251 32.11
205 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V254249 51.85
206 Varavin, Viktor254257 29.19
207 Ginsburg, Gennadij254259 24.96
208 Baburin, Alexander254151 29.45
209 Cebalo, Mišo254149 51.48
210 Golubev, Mihail254052 26.17
211 Sermek, Drazen254048 27.50
212 Ivanov, Alexander V254051 40.25
213 Yurtaev, Leonid254059 37.25
214 Kindermann, Stefan254048 36.59
215 Yemelin, Vasily254052 20.50
216 Nogueiras, Jesus253950 37.04
217 Hertneck, Gerald253950 32.87
218 Vesselovsky, Serguei253958 44.51
219 Kotsur, Pavel253856 22.58
220 Shulman, Yuri253851 21.26
221 Ivanov, Alexander V2253866 40.25
222 Maksimenko, Andrei253851 26.65
223 Arencibia, Walter253750 29.03
224 Smyslov, Vassily V253750 75.35
225 Smejkal, Jan253751 50.36
226 Kiselev, Sergey253750 34.88
227 Mariano, Nelson253662 22.09
228 Zagrebelny, Sergey253653
229 Gabriel, Christian253649 21.41
230 Ibragimov, Ildar253648 28.95
231 Van der Sterren, Paul253649 40.37
232 Notkin, Maksim253652 32.64
233 Shabalov, Alexander253651 28.88
234 Spangenberg, Hugo253549 20.69
235 Bönsch, Uwe253550 37.79
236 Maiorov, Oleg253554 25.03
237 Ionov, Sergey253451 34.56
238 Dlugy, Maxim253470 30.51
239 Babula, Vlastimil253451 22.83
240 Chekhov, Valery A253453 40.68
241 Hulak, Krunoslav253350 45.18
242 Plaskett, Jim253365 36.37
243 Gurevich, Dmitry253349 39.89
244 Hebden, Mark253350 38.46
245 Orlov, Georgi253357
246 Spraggett, Kevin B253250 41.72
247 Hort, Vlastimil253251 52.55
248 Malisauskas, Vidmantas253253 32.98
249 Frolov, Artur253255 26.00
250 Tseitlin, Mark D253251 52.86
251 Mecking, Henrique253165 44.52
252 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy253151 29.99
253 Arnason, Jon L253154 35.72
254 Drasko, Milan253150 33.65
255 Poluljahov, Aleksandr253050 31.15
256 van der Wiel, John T H253049 36.97
257 Dokutchaev, Aleksander252959 24.16
258 Dizdar, Goran252949 37.66
259 Alburt, Lev O252960 50.94
260 Gallagher, Joseph G252850 32.24
261 Moskalenko, Viktor252852 35.66
262 Donchev, Dimitar I252869 38.03
263 Wang Pin252873 21.64
264 Gruenfeld, Yehuda252756 40.42
265 Kveinys, Aloyzas252750 34.06
266 Adorján, András252753 46.33
267 Muhutdinov, Marat252766 28.70
268 Arkhangelsky, Boris252674 65.53
269 Chandler, Murray G252654 36.32
270 Djuric, Stefan252653 41.01
271 Zhelnin, Vladimir V252567 49.38
272 Miladinovic, Igor252550 22.52
273 Kosic, Dragan252551 26.46
274 Malakhov, Vladimir252551 15.68
275 Liss, Eran252451 21.08
276 Dao Thien Hai252449 18.22
277 Zezulkin, Jurij252472 24.95
278 Brodsky, Michail252451 27.34
279 Blatny, Pavel252348 28.11
280 Vasiukov, Evgeny A252352 63.40
281 Hector, Jonny252349 32.47
282 Ivanov, Sergey252352 34.84
283 Palac, Mladen252349 25.45
284 Filippov, Valerij252350 20.67
285 Kacheishvili, Giorgi252355 19.47
286 Rodriguez, Ad252273
287 Nikolenko, Oleg252253 37.12
288 Budnikov, Alexandar252260 29.51
289 Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav252254 30.38
290 Istratescu, Andrei252151 20.66
291 Burmakin, Vladimir252150 29.15
292 Marin, Mihail252149 31.28
293 Zarubin, Pavel252160 28.46
294 Ye Jiangchuan252154 35.70
295 Yuneev, Alexey251961
296 Popovic, Petar251851 37.46
297 Mainka, Romuald251850 33.21
298 Dyachkov, Sergej251854 19.73
299 Korzubov, Peter251873 34.58
300 Avrukh, Boris251753 18.56
301 Golod, Vitali251755 25.10
302 Davies, Nigel R251751 35.99
303 Bagirov, Vladimir K251651 59.95
304 Buturin, Vladimir251655 52.70
305 Tischbierek, Raj251652 33.85
306 Zapata, Alonso251651 37.94
307 Moroz, Alexander251659 35.54
308 Annageldyev, Orazly251659 36.36
309 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B251652 41.70
310 Sokolin, Leonid M251669
311 Nijboer, Friso251649 31.18
312 Peng Xiaomin251657 23.31
313 Ilincic, Zlatko251551 28.22
314 Lanka, Zigurds251550 36.19
315 Ye Rongguang251554 32.83
316 Shabanov, Yury F251565 58.72
317 Damljanovic, Branko251549 35.12
318 Groszpeter, Attila251449 36.14
319 Dvoretsky, Mark I251469 48.64
320 Polovodin, Igor A251470 41.36
321 Horváth, Csaba251348 28.15
322 Vogt, Lothar H251352 44.54
323 Kishnev, Sergey251354 39.75
324 Rustemov, Alexander251351 23.07
325 Haba, Petr251250 31.57
326 Rausis, Igors251249 35.31
327 Knaak, Rainer F251254 43.37
328 Vaulin, Alexander251251 39.37
329 Danielsen, Henrik251253 30.53
330 Strikovic, Aleksa251250 35.22
331 Rodriguez, Andres251152 22.62
332 Zagorskis, Darius251153 26.70
333 Milov, Leonid251157 30.48
334 Kudrin, Sergey251054 36.90
335 Gausel, Einar251049 32.67
336 Cramling, Pia251049 33.27
337 Kiriakov, Petr251056 21.55
338 Soffer, Ram250952 30.90
339 Gofshtein, Leonid D250951 43.28
340 Mitenkov, Alexey250953 35.40
341 Rodriguez, Amador250951 39.90
342 Xie Jun250850 25.75
343 Mokrý, Karel250753 37.48
344 Maljutin, Evgeni250760 24.75
345 Dizdarevic, Emir250751 38.33
346 Johansen, Darryl K250759 37.49
347 Fomichenko, Eduard250773 27.55
348 Kron, Valentin250671 31.89
349 Zakharevich, Igor250652 33.05
350 Manor, Ilan250652 26.76
351 Lugovoi, Aleksei250651 21.40
352 Ionescu, Constantin250653 37.88
353 Apicella, Manuel250649 26.28
354 Har Zvi, Ronen250652 19.80
355 Nielsen, Peter Heine250649 23.19
356 Akhmadeev, Vadim250561 40.05
357 Kuczynski, Robert250551 30.29
358 Yegiazarian, Arsen250556 26.12
359 Palatnik, Semen A250559 46.35
360 Shchekachev, Andrei250551 23.76
361 Thorsteins, Karl250563 31.80
362 Stanec, Nikolaus250550 28.26
363 Kuporosov, Viktor250553 34.85
364 Dimitrov, Vladimir250450 28.30
365 Klinger, Josef250463 29.15
366 Gavrilakis, Nikolaos250457 41.36
367 Sosonko, Gennadi250352 53.20
368 Djurhuus, Rune250350 26.52
369 Olafsson, Helgi250351 39.95
370 Franco Ocampos, Zenon250351 40.22
371 Suba, Mihai250250 49.16
372 Yuferov, Sergey N250254 50.66
373 Podzielny, Karl Heinz250256 41.89
374 Belikov, Vladimir250252 24.99
375 Janjgava, Lasha250260 26.24
376 Namgilov, Sogto250257 35.70
377 Sher, Miron N250149 44.09
378 Horvath, Jozsef250147 31.96
379 Wells, Peter K250148 31.29
380 Kalantarian, Norik250156 33.95
381 Chuchelov, Vladimir250151 26.84
382 Legky, Nikolay A250151 41.30
383 Feygin, Michail250161 21.50
384 Antunes, Antonio250150 34.48
385 Luther, Thomas250149 26.74
386 Guliev, Sarhan250149 28.33
387 Barua, Dibyendu250153 29.76
388 Li Zunian250175 38.56
389 Kaminski, Marcin250149 19.39
390 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto250049 38.61
391 Sulskis, Sarunas250051 23.68
392 Yandemirov, Valeri250051 33.47
393 Markowski, Tomasz250049 21.00
394 Kovalev, Andrei249951 34.73
395 Ubilava, Elizbar E249952 45.92
396 Najer, Evgeniy249954 19.11
397 Mestel, A Jonathan249963 39.38
398 Kundin, Alexander249971 15.10
399 Nevednichy, Vladislav249951 26.91
400 Jakubiec, Artur249961 22.66
401 Emms, John M249948 29.38
402 Zhuravliov, Valerij249965 57.64
403 Martinovic, Slobodan249853 51.02
404 Gyimesi, Zoltan249849 19.33
405 Kalinitschew, Sergey249855 40.49
406 Nesterov, Jakov249765 29.69
407 Zlochevskij, Alexander249754 33.10
408 Khachian, Melikset249754 26.07
409 Ruzele, Darius249755 28.26
410 Arbakov, Valentin249751 44.51
411 Klebel, Martin249766 30.22
412 Jansa, Vlastimil249649 53.68
413 Tisdall, Jonathan D249650 37.92
414 Klovans, Janis249650 61.31
415 Temirbaev, Serik249660
416 Shmuter, Leonid249652 27.24
417 Khasin, Alexander249661 45.26
418 Vukic, Milan249554 52.94
419 Faragó, Iván249548 50.33
420 Agrest, Evgenij249454 29.95
421 Slobodjan, Roman249450 21.58
422 Hernandez, Gilberto249450
423 Zarnicki, Pablo249451 23.72
424 Kouatly, Bachar249473 38.41
425 Miezis, Normunds249450 25.22
426 Nadyrhanov, Sergey249356 32.84
427 Mukhametov, Eldar249353 27.19
428 Kovacevic, Vladimir249352 54.35
429 Borges Mateos, Juan249362 30.34
430 Hamdouchi, Hichem249355 23.81
431 Keitlinghaus, Ludger249250 31.02
432 Schoenthier, Frank249276 37.70
433 Uhlmann, Wolfgang249150 61.34
434 Brenninkmeijer, Joris249156 26.88
435 Garcia Ilundain, David249149 25.33
436 Ryskin, Alexander249158 33.55
437 Barus, Cerdas249066 34.58
438 Kalegin, Evgenij249055 41.90
439 Pavlovic, Milos249052 32.57
440 Vasquez, Rodrigo249065 26.65
441 Zaitsev, Igor A249050 58.18
442 Shariyazdanov, Andrey249055 20.05
443 Badea, Bela248954 27.44
444 Finkel, Alexander248951 21.58
445 Lazarev, Vladimir248956 32.15
446 Lau, Ralf248950 36.78
447 Nikolac, Juraj248963 64.27
448 Nikolaidis, Ioannis248950 25.57
449 Kholmov, Ratmir D248950 71.22
450 Li Wenliang248963 29.28
451 Vakhidov, Tahir248973
452 Chernyshov, Konstantin248953 29.14
453 Zontakh, Andrey248854 25.74
454 Enders, Peter248850 33.49
455 Karpman, Vadim248865 31.22
456 Ivanovic, Božidar248853 49.93
457 Pfleger, Helmut248863 52.98
458 Rytshagov, Mikhail248750 28.72
459 Volkov, Sergey248758 22.48
460 Abramovic, Boško248751 45.46
461 Geller, Efim P248758 71.41
462 Minasian, Ara248656 22.30
463 Panchenko, Alexander N248652 42.82
464 Antonio, Rogelio Jr248558 34.45
465 Levin, Felix248553 37.74
466 Cherepkov, Alexander V248571 75.75
467 Kumaran, Dharshan248552 21.15
468 Krogius, Nikolay V248457 66.02
469 Winants, Luc248456 33.58
470 Norwood, David248358 27.83
471 Renet, Olivier248349 31.61
472 Larsen, Bent248353 61.41
473 Fercec, Nenad248355 35.30
474 Nikcevic, Nebojsa248351
475 Komliakov, Viktor248350 36.27
476 Petrosian, Arshak B248253 42.62
477 Gelman, Alexander248257 19.67
478 Schandorff, Lars248250 31.28
479 Godena, Michele248248 29.09
480 Panchenko, Alexandar G248157 35.31
481 Kosten, Anthony C248156 38.02
482 Akesson, Ralf248151 35.48
483 Frias, Victor J248163 40.47
484 Tseitlin, Mikhail S248156 49.12
485 Sevillano, Enrico248157
486 Hug, Werner248053 43.89
487 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V248056 48.95
488 Borovikov, Vladislav248075 22.97
489 Shevelev, Sergei248074 27.31
490 Gabdrakhmanov, Rafail247967 37.15
491 Agamaliev, Djamil247972 21.92
492 Sokolovs, Andrei247955 24.44
493 Lesiege, Alexandre247958 20.95
494 Murshed, Niaz247957 30.22
495 Richter, Wolfgang247966 28.45
496 Zifroni, Dov247954 20.45
497 Unzicker, Wolfgang247954 71.10
498 Krakops, Maris247853 18.33
499 San Segundo Carrillo, Pablo247850 26.48
500 Mochalov, Evgeny V247853 44.76

These ratings, calculated as of July 31, 1996, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1995 and July 31, 1996, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1995. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of July 31, 1996. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 1, 1996.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 1, 1996. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 1, 1996 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 1, 1996. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on July 31, 1996. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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