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Top 10 active players as of August 2, 1999

  #  

Player Rating +/-
1 Kasparov, Garry K288448
2 Anand, Viswanathan281247
3 Kramnik, Vladimir281046
4 Shirov, Alexei278847
5 Leko, Peter275248
6 Gelfand, Boris274848
7 Ivanchuk, Vassily273947
8 Topalov, Veselin272247
9 Karpov, Anatoly E272047
10 Bareev, Evgeny271950

About these ratings

Top 500 active players as of August 2, 1999

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28844872.8% #236.30
2 Anand, Viswanathan28124710.3% #529.64
3 Kramnik, Vladimir2810469.6% #524.11
4 Shirov, Alexei2788474.2% #727.08
5 Leko, Peter2752480.9% #1419.90
6 Gelfand, Boris2748480.7% #1431.11
7 Ivanchuk, Vassily2739470.4% #1730.37
8 Topalov, Veselin2722470.2% #2224.38
9 Karpov, Anatoly E2720470.2% #2448.19
10 Bareev, Evgeny2719500.2% #2532.70
11 Morozevich, Alexander2715490.2% #2622.04
12 Svidler, Peter270347 #3223.13
13 Adams, Michael269947 #3427.71
14 Short, Nigel D2698490.1% #3634.17
15 Georgiev, Kiril268250 #4733.68
16 Dreev, Alexey268049 #4830.54
17 Rublevsky, Sergei267750 #5224.80
18 Gurevich, Mikhail N267149 #5640.45
19 Zvjaginsev, Vadim267049 #5722.96
20 Khalifman, Alexander266948 #5733.54
21 Krasenkow, Michal266748 #5935.72
22 Seirawan, Yasser266751 #6139.36
23 Beliavsky, Alexander G266548 #6145.63
24 Almasi, Zoltan266548 #6122.93
25 Nikolic, Predrag265849 #6838.89
26 Onischuk, Alexander265849 #6923.91
27 Polgar, Judit265649 #7123.03
28 Akopian, Vladimir265450 #7327.65
29 Smirin, Ilia265349 #7531.53
30 Sakaev, Konstantin265250 #7625.30
31 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A265252 #7739.38
32 Korchnoi, Viktor L264948 #7768.36
33 Movsesian, Sergei264948 #7820.75
34 Chernin, Alexander M264650 #8239.41
35 Sokolov, Ivan264547 #8131.14
36 Timman, Jan H264447 #8247.64
37 van Wely, Loek264146 #8426.82
38 Lautier, Joel264047 #8626.31
39 Salov, Valery B264052 #9035.19
40 Jussupow, Artur M263949 #8939.47
41 Sadler, Matthew263748 #9125.22
42 Piket, Jeroen263246 #9530.52
43 Tiviakov, Sergei263048 #10026.47
44 Milov, Vadim262750 #10527.00
45 Dolmatov, Sergey V262752 #10740.45
46 Khenkin, Igor262548 #10531.37
47 Lputian, Smbat G262550 #10741.47
48 Christiansen, Larry M262251 #11143.10
49 Kharlov, Andrei262149 #11030.70
50 Dautov, Rustem262150 #11133.68
51 Vaganian, Rafael A262050 #11247.80
52 Hellers, Ferdinand261764 #12930.51
53 Fedorov, Alexei261751 #11626.85
54 Hracek, Zbynek261749 #11628.90
55 Hjartarson, Jóhann261552 #12136.48
56 Filippov, Valerij261549 #11823.68
57 Tkachiev, Vladislav261550 #12025.73
58 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir261451 #12048.75
59 Epishin, Vladimir261448 #11834.06
60 Sturua, Zurab261351 #12340.15
61 Ehlvest, Jaan261348 #12036.80
62 Graf, Alexander261254 #12536.94
63 Ibragimov, Ildar261049 #12431.96
64 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E260953 #12832.44
65 Novikov, Igor A260949 #12537.19
66 Gulko, Boris F260951 #12752.48
67 Giorgadze, Giorgi260849 #12534.81
68 Gavrikov, Victor N260853 #13042.01
69 Aleksandrov, Aleksej260650 #13026.23
70 Minasian, Artashes260551 #13132.53
71 Hansen, Curt260550 #13134.87
72 Avrukh, Boris260449 #13121.57
73 Lutz, Christopher260448 #13028.44
74 Korneev, Oleg260249 #13330.02
75 Sutovsky, Emil260248 #13321.87
76 Nunn, John D M260253 #13644.27
77 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel260149 #13433.66
78 Agdestein, Simen260154 #13832.22
79 Andersson, Ulf260149 #13548.10
80 Speelman, Jonathan S259748 #13942.83
81 Bologan, Viktor259648 #13927.64
82 Hübner, Robert259650 #14050.74
83 deFirmian, Nicholas E259649 #14042.02
84 Eingorn, Viacheslav S259551 #14342.69
85 Rozentalis, Eduardas259549 #14136.18
86 Ulibin, Mikhail259549 #14128.17
87 Yakovich, Yuri259449 #14236.68
88 Ribli, Zoltán259451 #14447.91
89 Benjamin, Joel L259450 #14435.39
90 Kuzmin, Alexey259361 #15136.40
91 Malaniuk, Vladimir P259348 #14242.03
92 Kavalek, Lubomir259374 #16155.98
93 Goldin, Alexander259252 #14734.43
94 Volkov, Sergey259249 #14425.49
95 Fominyh, Alexander259252 #14640.13
96 Atalik, Suat258948 #14634.81
97 Miles, Anthony J258947 #14644.28
98 Adianto, Utut258951 #14834.38
99 Gabriel, Christian258850 #14824.41
100 Stefansson, Hannes258849 #14827.04
101 Beim, Valery258752 49.38
102 Shipov, Sergei258752 33.29
103 Hodgson, Julian M258749 36.02
104 Shariyazdanov, Andrey258751 23.06
105 Kaidanov, Gregory S258653 39.81
106 Hansen, Lars Bo258554 30.86
107 Huzman, Alexander258551 37.31
108 Baburin, Alexander258550 32.46
109 Milos, Gilberto258452 35.76
110 Burmakin, Vladimir258348 32.16
111 Ponomariov, Ruslan258351 15.81
112 Ye Jiangchuan258353 38.70
113 Timoshenko, Georgy258251 33.17
114 Kožul, Zdenko258248 33.20
115 Bacrot, Etienne258149 16.53
116 Morovic Fernández, Iván E258051 36.36
117 Razuvaev, Yury S257953 53.81
118 Asrian, Karen257952 19.27
119 Ftácnik, Lubomír257848 41.76
120 Fedorowicz, John P257853 40.85
121 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E257650 49.48
122 Kasimdzhanov, Rustam257650 19.66
123 Yudasin, Leonid G257650 39.98
124 Rustemov, Alexander257651 26.07
125 Voitsekhovsky, Stanislav257652 34.98
126 Wolff, Patrick G257563 31.47
127 Bochkarev, Alexander257574 24.25
128 Yermolinsky, Alex V257549 41.31
129 Tregubov, Pavel V257550 27.62
130 Dorfman, Iosif D257452 47.25
131 Psakhis, Lev B257349 40.68
132 Alterman, Boris257349 29.25
133 Vaisser, Anatoli257351 50.41
134 Wahls, Matthias257251 31.52
135 Peng Xiaomin257254 26.32
136 Torre, Eugenio257255 47.75
137 Romanishin, Oleg M257148 47.56
138 Kharitonov, Andrey Y257150 40.33
139 Dvoiris, Semen I257150 40.75
140 Damljanovic, Branko257151 38.13
141 Magerramov, Elmar S257167 41.31
142 Balashov, Yury S257049 50.39
143 Komarov, Dimitri257050 30.67
144 Lerner, Konstantin Z256951 49.43
145 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander256948 36.55
146 Sax, Gyula256948 48.12
147 Baklan, Vladimir256851 21.44
148 Pétursson, Margeir256855 39.47
149 Shneider, Aleksandr256756 37.20
150 Rogers, Ian256748 39.11
151 Emms, John M256750 32.39
152 Pigusov, Evgeny256752 38.34
153 Gurevich, Ilya256766 27.48
154 Palac, Mladen256648 28.46
155 Savchenko, Stanislav256551 32.53
156 Stohl, Igor256549 34.85
157 Smagin, Sergey256558 40.90
158 Lalic, Bogdan256447 35.40
159 Kobalija, Mihail256451 21.25
160 Kotronias, Vasilios256353 34.94
161 Hickl, Joerg256250 34.30
162 Tukmakov, Vladimir B256150 53.38
163 Nielsen, Peter Heine256149 26.19
164 Sorokin, Maxim256150 31.53
165 Gurevich, Dmitry256151 42.89
166 Xu Jun256059 36.88
167 Kengis, Edvins255951 40.31
168 Chiburdanidze, Maia G255952 38.54
169 Leitao, Rafael255951 19.60
170 Nisipeanu, Liviu Dieter255949 23.00
171 Zhang Zhong255952 20.91
172 Varga, Z.255869 29.06
173 Golod, Vitali255851 28.10
174 Agrest, Evgenij255749 32.97
175 Antonio, Rogelio Jr255655 37.46
176 Ionov, Sergey255652 37.57
177 Volzhin, Alexander255551 28.50
178 Hertneck, Gerald255551 35.87
179 Sokolov, Andrey Y255552 36.37
180 Glek, Igor V255548 37.74
181 Kruppa, Yuri255453 35.12
182 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y255455 55.24
183 Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav255456 33.38
184 Lastin, Alexander255353 22.76
185 Shulman, Yuri255349 24.26
186 Shabalov, Alexander255151 31.89
187 Malakhov, Vladimir255155 18.68
188 Kotsur, Pavel255053 25.58
189 Arkhipov, Sergey255059 45.11
190 Spasov, Vasil254854 28.46
191 Spraggett, Kevin B254852 44.73
192 Landa, Konstantin254850 27.20
193 Zelcic, Robert254748 33.87
194 Lobron, Eric254751 39.24
195 Pintér, József254750 45.73
196 Smikovski, Ivan254766 27.14
197 Podgaets, Mikhail Y254659 52.03
198 Spassky, Boris V254652 62.51
199 Sherbakov, Ruslan254450 29.89
200 Dao Thien Hai254451 21.23
201 Guseinov, Aidyn254460 47.59
202 Golubev, Mihail254355 29.18
203 Hansen, Sune Berg254350 28.28
204 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy254251 33.01
205 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B254152 44.71
206 van der Wiel, John T H254049 39.98
207 Zakharevich, Igor253952 36.05
208 Kiriakov, Petr253852 24.56
209 Ilincic, Zlatko253853 31.23
210 Chernyshov, Konstantin253753 32.14
211 Adorján, András253758 49.34
212 Anastasian, Ashot253752 35.05
213 Watson, William N253761 37.29
214 Ivanov, Alexander V253656 43.25
215 Neverov, Valery253651 35.12
216 Babula, Vlastimil253649 25.83
217 Kantsler, Boris253652 37.30
218 Poluljahov, Aleksandr253550 34.16
219 Tischbierek, Raj253552 36.86
220 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V253553 54.86
221 Bönsch, Uwe253453 40.80
222 Iuldachev, Saidali253454 31.51
223 Shchekachev, Andrei253452 26.77
224 Slobodjan, Roman253349 24.59
225 Wang Zili253359 31.14
226 Van der Sterren, Paul253250 43.38
227 Yemelin, Vasily253250 23.50
228 Podzielny, Karl Heinz253258 44.90
229 Kishnev, Sergey253159 42.75
230 Greenfeld, Alon253150 35.29
231 Shabanov, Yury F253164 61.73
232 Makarov, Marat253154 36.24
233 Hamdouchi, Hichem253050 26.82
234 Orlov, Georgi253065
235 Wu Shaobin253069 30.50
236 Schandorff, Lars253050 34.29
237 Cvitan, Ognjen253048 37.81
238 Nogueiras, Jesus252950 40.04
239 Zontakh, Andrey252951 28.75
240 Kurajica, Bojan252950 51.72
241 Spangenberg, Hugo252850 23.70
242 Popov, Valerij252851 24.90
243 Feygin, Michail252867 24.50
244 Krakops, Maris252857 21.33
245 Galliamova, Alisa252753 27.54
246 Temirbaev, Serik252757
247 Vera, Reynaldo252751 38.57
248 Irzhanov, Ruslan252656 22.68
249 Moroz, Alexander252657 38.54
250 Darga, Klaus V252568 65.44
251 Kosashvili, Yona252558 29.08
252 Nikolenko, Oleg252560 40.12
253 Hernandez, Gilberto252452
254 Ginsburg, Gennadij252461 27.98
255 Portisch, Lajos252452 62.33
256 Gleizerov, Evgeny252451 36.37
257 Rytshagov, Mikhail252451 31.72
258 Bezgodov, Alexei252457 30.09
259 Gallagher, Joseph G252349 35.25
260 Soffer, Ram252354 33.91
261 Dizdar, Goran252350 40.66
262 Sermek, Drazen252348 30.51
263 Cámpora, Daniel H252253 42.09
264 Vaulin, Alexander252249 42.37
265 Malisauskas, Vidmantas252157 35.99
266 Serper, Grigory252156 29.89
267 Loginov, Valery A252150 43.64
268 Zifroni, Dov252153 23.46
269 Arnason, Jon L252169 38.72
270 Kumaran, Dharshan252062 24.15
271 Kuzmin, Gennady P251951 53.54
272 Sagalchik, Gennadij251968 30.28
273 Timoshchenko, Gennady251951 50.27
274 Kempinski, Robert251949 22.06
275 Ubilava, Elizbar E251957 48.93
276 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N251852 53.29
277 Cramling, Pia251850 36.28
278 Barsov, Alexei251851
279 Hort, Vlastimil251853 55.56
280 Rodriguez, Amador251856 42.90
281 Sunye Neto, Jaime251753 42.25
282 Barua, Dibyendu251752 32.77
283 Zarubin, Pavel251771 31.47
284 Chuchelov, Vladimir251651 29.85
285 Ivanov, Sergey251651 37.84
286 Miladinovic, Igor251652 25.52
287 Luther, Thomas251649 29.75
288 Brodsky, Michail251650 30.35
289 Istratescu, Andrei251650 23.66
290 Schlosser, Philipp251550 30.96
291 Sosonko, Gennadi251558 56.21
292 Markowski, Tomasz251549 24.01
293 Reinderman, Dimitri251449 26.97
294 Aseev, Konstantin N251351 38.79
295 Kindermann, Stefan251350 39.60
296 Delchev, Aleksander251351 28.05
297 Magem Badals, Jordi251249 31.94
298 Yandemirov, Valeri251250 36.48
299 Sokolovs, Andrei251258 27.44
300 Rogozenko, Dorian251249 25.96
301 Velimirovic, Dragoljub251153 57.22
302 Marciano, David251150 30.08
303 Kudrin, Sergey251155 39.90
304 Enders, Peter251152 36.50
305 Danielian, Oganes251065
306 Davies, Nigel R251054 39.01
307 Sulskis, Sarunas251051 26.69
308 Zoler, Dan251052 25.54
309 Lanka, Zigurds251052 39.20
310 Galkin, Alexander250951 20.50
311 Kosic, Dragan250956 29.47
312 Grivas, Efstratios250953 33.34
313 Varga, Zoltan250949 29.06
314 Kiselev, Sergey250854 37.89
315 Didishko, Vereslav250854 50.31
316 Hector, Jonny250848 35.47
317 Markovic, Miroslav250753 26.23
318 Bischoff, Klaus250749 38.15
319 Djuric, Stefan250753 44.02
320 Macieja, Bartlomiej250750 21.83
321 Ruzele, Darius250754 31.27
322 King, Daniel J250655 35.93
323 Krogius, Nikolay V250670 69.03
324 Frias, Victor J250669 43.48
325 Mikhalevski, Victor250649 27.06
326 Haba, Petr250650 34.57
327 Zubarev, Alexander250660 48.11
328 Rechlis, Gad250558 32.49
329 Polovodin, Igor A250560 44.36
330 Kacheishvili, Giorgi250553 22.48
331 Conquest, Stuart250550 32.42
332 Degraeve, Jean Marc250449 28.52
333 Dizdarevic, Emir250451 41.33
334 Horváth, Csaba250448 31.16
335 Maksimenko, Andrei250352 29.65
336 Comas Fabrego, Luis250350 28.11
337 Plaskett, Jim250350 39.37
338 Horvath, Jozsef250251 34.97
339 Suba, Mihai250259 52.17
340 Krivonosov, Oleg250262 38.23
341 Xie Jun250249 28.76
342 Kolev, Atanas250158 32.05
343 Palatnik, Semen A250163 49.35
344 Bezold, Michael250151 27.19
345 Najer, Evgeniy250153 22.11
346 Mikhaletz, Lubomir250054 24.97
347 Berelovich, Aleksandar250052 32.08
348 Wedberg, Tom250053 45.69
349 Oral, Tomas250049 21.61
350 Vogt, Lothar H250054 47.54
351 Yurtaev, Leonid250054 40.25
352 Turov, Maxim249955 19.65
353 Bruzon Bautista, Lazaro249956 17.25
354 Ivanovic, Božidar249959 52.94
355 Djurhuus, Rune249951 29.52
356 Tsesarsky, Ilya249956 39.82
357 Nijboer, Friso249948 34.19
358 Marin, Mihail249950 34.28
359 Pavlovic, Milos249854 35.58
360 Gausel, Einar249850 35.68
361 Apicella, Manuel249854 29.29
362 Lesiege, Alexandre249852 23.96
363 Nevednichy, Vladislav249851 29.91
364 Gofshtein, Leonid D249850 46.28
365 Parker, Jonathan249853 23.21
366 Strikovic, Aleksa249753 38.22
367 Gruenfeld, Yehuda249758 43.43
368 Georgiev, Vladimir249751 23.93
369 Zagrebelny, Sergey249752
370 Chekhov, Valery A249660 43.68
371 Nadyrhanov, Sergey249660 35.85
372 Mueller, Karsten249651 28.69
373 Kochiev, Alexander249556 43.36
374 Har Zvi, Ronen249557 22.80
375 Notkin, Maksim249556 35.64
376 Hulak, Krunoslav249553 48.19
377 Iskusnyh, Sergei249552 24.91
378 Mirumian, Vigen249551 21.84
379 Liss, Eran249452 24.08
380 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V249457 51.96
381 Kalinitschew, Sergey249353 43.50
382 Fercec, Nenad249352 38.31
383 Zaichik, Gennady L249366 42.48
384 Garcia Ilundain, David249352 28.33
385 Liang Jinrong249259 39.20
386 Bagaturov, Giorgi249254 34.68
387 Kveinys, Aloyzas249252 37.07
388 Faragó, Iván249249 53.34
389 Gretarsson, Helgi Ass249149 22.46
390 Drasko, Milan249152 36.66
391 Larsen, Bent249152 64.41
392 Dimitrov, Vladimir249154 31.31
393 Olafsson, Helgi249153 42.97
394 Liiva, Riho249162 24.08
395 Manor, Ilan249157 29.77
396 Totsky, Leonid249054 31.98
397 Polgar, Sofia249056 24.75
398 Lau, Ralf248952 39.79
399 Bagirov, Vladimir K248951 62.96
400 Lugovoi, Aleksei248949 24.41
401 Gritsak, Orest248958 26.44
402 Ye Rongguang248957 35.83
403 Teske, Henrik248950 31.43
404 Gdanski, Jacek248950 28.68
405 Bitoon, Richard248864 23.64
406 Motylev, Alexander248852 20.13
407 Egin, Vladimir248860
408 Levin, Felix248854 40.74
409 Ricardi, Pablo248851 37.44
410 Arencibia, Walter248850 32.03
411 Akesson, Ralf248849 38.48
412 Rausis, Igors248848 38.32
413 Gavrilakis, Nikolaos248773 44.36
414 Dragomarezkij, Evgeni248761 46.54
415 Mitenkov, Alexey248764 38.40
416 Ovetchkin, Roman248757 26.55
417 Slipak, Sergio248752 34.01
418 Godena, Michele248649 32.09
419 Smejkal, Jan248653 53.36
420 Vescovi, Giovanni P248651 21.14
421 Finkel, Alexander248553 24.59
422 Fridman, Daniel248552 23.47
423 Nikolaidis, Ioannis248552 28.58
424 Zezulkin, Jurij248556 27.96
425 Belikov, Vladimir248558 27.99
426 Zakharstov, Viacheslav V248568 31.34
427 Sevillano, Enrico248567
428 Boim, Inon248464 27.72
429 Vakhidov, Tahir248460
430 Dokutchaev, Aleksander248460 27.17
431 Dervishi, Erald248456 19.73
432 Hebden, Mark248450 41.47
433 Kovalev, Andrei248460 37.74
434 Hall, Jesper248351 28.05
435 Zarnicki, Pablo248352 26.72
436 Piskov, Yury248361 37.81
437 Papaioannou, Ioannis248354 23.29
438 Knaak, Rainer F248355 46.38
439 Goloshchapov, Alexander248256 21.52
440 Rodriguez, Andres248252 25.62
441 Kovacevic, Vladimir248254 57.35
442 Ahlander, Bjorn248260 35.76
443 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto248152 41.62
444 Tseitlin, Mikhail S248169 52.13
445 Polak, Tomas248149 25.27
446 Votava, Jan248150 24.68
447 Danielsen, Henrik248153 33.53
448 Uhlmann, Wolfgang248152 64.34
449 Pavasovic, Dusko248148 22.80
450 Milov, Leonid248061 33.49
451 Miezis, Normunds248049 28.23
452 Miralles, Gilles248055 33.48
453 Cela, Altin248055
454 Joachim, Sven248063 30.17
455 Perez, Luis Manuel248063 20.83
456 Abramovic, Boško248062 48.47
457 Winants, Luc247959 36.59
458 Smyslov, Vassily V247952 78.36
459 Stanec, Nikolaus247950 31.26
460 Barus, Cerdas247961 37.59
461 Tosic, Miroslav247953 39.13
462 Iljushin, Alexei247956 19.01
463 Petrosian, Arshak B247957 45.63
464 Sharif, Mershad247862 47.06
465 Gyimesi, Zoltan247850 22.34
466 Rogic, Davor247853 28.02
467 Kholmov, Ratmir D247853 74.22
468 Antunes, Antonio247860 37.49
469 Chandler, Murray G247853 39.33
470 Khasin, Alexander247857 48.26
471 Kogan, Artur247749 25.51
472 Van den Doel, Erik247748 20.22
473 Kazhgaleyev, Murtas247756
474 Grabarczyk, Miroslaw247751 28.58
475 Wells, Peter K247749 34.29
476 Socko, Bartosz247650 20.73
477 Georgiev, Krum247657 41.19
478 Kaminski, Marcin247652 22.40
479 Becerra Rivero, Julio247650
480 Aronian, Levon247655 16.82
481 Shtyrenkov, Veniamen247658 41.28
482 Ioseliani, Nana247651 37.47
483 Arbakov, Valentin247557 47.51
484 Simonovic, Aleksandar247570 30.75
485 Zilberman, Yaacov247452 45.19
486 Popovic, Petar247453 40.47
487 Movsziszian, Karen247454 36.57
488 Vokác, Marek247450 40.66
489 Vukic, Milan247463 55.96
490 Shaked, Tal247351 21.49
491 Oratovsky, Michael247355 25.33
492 Browne, Walter S247255 50.56
493 Prusikhin, Mihailo247257 21.54
494 Bikhovsky, Avigdor I247254 44.41
495 Arkhangelsky, Boris247261 68.53
496 Panzalovic, Srdjan247262 29.28
497 Malakhatko, Vadim247156 22.36
498 Heinemann, Thies247153 28.40
499 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes247160 56.08
500 Popchev, Milko247156 34.73

These ratings, calculated as of August 2, 1999, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between August 1, 1998 and August 2, 1999, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of July 31, 1998. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of August 2, 1999. This represents the player's estimated strength on August 3, 1999.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on August 3, 1999. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on August 3, 1999 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on August 3, 1999. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on August 2, 1999. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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