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Top 10 active players as of April 30, 1997

  #  

Player Rating +/-
1 Kasparov, Garry K288648
2 Anand, Viswanathan283147
3 Kramnik, Vladimir280347
4 Ivanchuk, Vassily278047
5 Karpov, Anatoly E276647
6 Topalov, Veselin276147
7 Kamsky, Gata272949
8 Bareev, Evgeny271849
9 Gelfand, Boris271747
10 Shirov, Alexei271546

About these ratings

Top 500 active players as of April 30, 1997

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28864870.4% #234.05
2 Anand, Viswanathan28314716.8% #427.39
3 Kramnik, Vladimir2803476.6% #621.85
4 Ivanchuk, Vassily2780472.7% #828.12
5 Karpov, Anatoly E2766471.5% #1045.93
6 Topalov, Veselin2761471.1% #1122.12
7 Kamsky, Gata2729490.3% #2122.91
8 Bareev, Evgeny2718490.1% #2530.44
9 Gelfand, Boris2717470.1% #2528.85
10 Shirov, Alexei2715460.1% #2524.82
11 Salov, Valery B2712490.2% #2832.92
12 Georgiev, Kiril270049 #3531.42
13 Adams, Michael268547 #4425.45
14 Polgar, Judit268447 #4520.77
15 Dreev, Alexey268248 #4728.28
16 Khalifman, Alexander268047 #4831.28
17 Rublevsky, Sergei267850 #5122.54
18 Beliavsky, Alexander G267748 #5243.37
19 Akopian, Vladimir266749 #6125.40
20 Jussupow, Artur M266248 #6537.21
21 Svidler, Peter266248 #6520.87
22 Nikolic, Predrag266248 #6536.64
23 Short, Nigel D266048 #6731.91
24 Yermolinsky, Alex V265949 #7039.05
25 Seirawan, Yasser265955 #7337.10
26 Lautier, Joel265647 #7024.05
27 Rozentalis, Eduardas265349 #7533.92
28 Speelman, Jonathan S265150 #7840.58
29 Almasi, Zoltan264747 #8120.67
30 Gurevich, Mikhail N264749 #8338.19
31 Piket, Jeroen264646 #8128.26
32 Sadler, Matthew264549 #8522.95
33 van Wely, Loek264546 #8224.56
34 Zvjaginsev, Vadim264350 #8820.70
35 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A264250 #8837.12
36 Tiviakov, Sergei264249 #8724.21
37 Malaniuk, Vladimir P264148 #8839.78
38 Dvoiris, Semen I264149 #8938.49
39 Sokolov, Ivan263947 #8928.88
40 Krasenkow, Michal263948 #9033.46
41 Oll, Lembit263549 #9631.02
42 Chernin, Alexander M263448 #9737.15
43 Korchnoi, Viktor L263346 #9766.10
44 Giorgadze, Giorgi263248 #10032.55
45 Ehlvest, Jaan263147 #9934.54
46 Lastin, Alexander263152 #10420.50
47 Eingorn, Viacheslav S262950 #10440.43
48 Leko, Peter262947 #10117.64
49 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E262950 #10430.18
50 Timman, Jan H262947 #10245.38
51 Morozevich, Alexander262950 #10419.78
52 Portisch, Lajos262850 #10660.07
53 Sturua, Zurab262554 #11237.89
54 Nunn, John D M262451 #11242.01
55 Hracek, Zbynek262148 #11126.64
56 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y262070 #13040.28
57 Milov, Vadim262049 #11524.75
58 Onischuk, Alexander261949 #11521.66
59 Savchenko, Stanislav261950 #11630.28
60 Aleksandrov, Aleksej261949 #11523.96
61 Andersson, Ulf261949 #11645.84
62 Sakaev, Konstantin261649 #11923.05
63 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel261648 #11931.41
64 Vaganian, Rafael A261449 #12145.54
65 Lputian, Smbat G261351 #12339.21
66 Gavrikov, Victor N261352 #12539.75
67 Smirin, Ilia261148 #12429.28
68 Kožul, Zdenko261048 #12430.94
69 Hellers, Ferdinand261058 #13328.26
70 Yakovich, Yuri261049 #12634.42
71 Dautov, Rustem260949 #12731.42
72 Tkachiev, Vladislav260849 #12823.47
73 Yudasin, Leonid G260848 #12737.73
74 Tukmakov, Vladimir B260748 #12951.12
75 Fominyh, Alexander260751 #13137.87
76 Vaisser, Anatoli260550 #13248.15
77 Hansen, Curt260349 #13432.62
78 Alterman, Boris260350 #13426.98
79 Miles, Anthony J260147 #13542.02
80 Huzman, Alexander260152 #13935.05
81 Vyzmanavin, Alexey260052 #14037.33
82 Torre, Eugenio259857 #14545.49
83 Psakhis, Lev B259848 #13938.42
84 Adianto, Utut259852 #14232.12
85 Morovic Fernández, Iván E259751 #14234.10
86 Spasov, Vasil259754 #14426.20
87 Bologan, Viktor259648 #14125.38
88 Kaidanov, Gregory S259451 #14537.55
89 Gulko, Boris F259448 #14350.22
90 Shipov, Sergei259450 #14531.04
91 Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander259348 #14434.29
92 Hübner, Robert259249 #14748.48
93 Polgar, Zsuzsa259253 #14928.03
94 Balashov, Yury S259149 #14748.13
95 Epishin, Vladimir259147 #14731.80
96 Lutz, Christopher259148 #14726.18
97 Sorokin, Maxim259050 #14929.27
98 Kuzmin, Alexey259059 #15534.14
99 Lalic, Bogdan258948 #14833.14
100 Korneev, Oleg258948 #14927.76
101 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E258949 47.22
102 Dolmatov, Sergey V258851 38.19
103 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir258850 46.49
104 Kurajica, Bojan258849 49.46
105 Hjartarson, Jóhann258848 34.23
106 Movsesian, Sergei258749 18.49
107 Fedorov, Alexei258751 24.59
108 Rechlis, Gad258755 30.23
109 Dokhoian, Yury258763 32.51
110 Christiansen, Larry M258550 40.84
111 Zaichik, Gennady L258561 40.22
112 Ftácnik, Lubomír258548 39.50
113 Benjamin, Joel L258451 33.14
114 Goldin, Alexander258451 32.18
115 Makarichev, Sergey Y258468 43.45
116 Hodgson, Julian M258247 33.76
117 deFirmian, Nicholas E258148 39.76
118 Magerramov, Elmar S258163 39.05
119 Komarov, Dimitri258049 28.41
120 Pigusov, Evgeny258051 36.08
121 Kindermann, Stefan257948 37.34
122 Voitsekhovsky, Stanislav257969 32.73
123 Novikov, Igor A257848 34.93
124 Razuvaev, Yury S257750 51.55
125 Agdestein, Simen257754 29.95
126 Rogers, Ian257749 36.85
127 Ribli, Zoltán257651 45.65
128 Glek, Igor V257648 35.48
129 Lerner, Konstantin Z257551 47.17
130 Wahls, Matthias257548 29.26
131 Milos, Gilberto257553 33.50
132 Wolff, Patrick G257554 29.21
133 Cvitan, Ognjen257448 35.55
134 Dorfman, Iosif D257453 44.99
135 Pétursson, Margeir257449 37.21
136 Graf, Alexander257350 34.68
137 Kharlov, Andrei257249 28.44
138 Iuldachev, Saidali257154 29.25
139 Baburin, Alexander257151 30.20
140 Hansen, Lars Bo257150 28.60
141 Shneider, Aleksandr257052 34.93
142 Sutovsky, Emil256950 19.61
143 Pintér, József256950 43.47
144 Ibragimov, Ildar256948 29.71
145 Hertneck, Gerald256952 33.62
146 Xu Jun256854 34.62
147 Shulman, Yuri256750 22.00
148 Filippov, Valerij256749 21.42
149 Sherbakov, Ruslan256749 27.63
150 Kengis, Edvins256549 38.05
151 Gleizerov, Evgeny256451 34.11
152 Peng Xiaomin256452 24.06
153 Sokolov, Andrey Y256449 34.11
154 Browne, Walter S256456 48.30
155 Cámpora, Daniel H256451 39.83
156 Ruban, Vadim256357 32.88
157 Kharitonov, Andrey Y256351 38.07
158 Landa, Konstantin256350 24.93
159 Makarov, Marat256351 33.97
160 Serper, Grigory256252 27.63
161 Aseev, Konstantin N256149 36.53
162 Romanishin, Oleg M256148 45.30
163 Schlosser, Philipp256150 28.70
164 Timoshenko, Georgy256051 30.91
165 Beim, Valery256053 47.12
166 Brodsky, Michail256050 28.09
167 Sermek, Drazen256048 28.25
168 Chiburdanidze, Maia G255951 36.29
169 Pugachov, Alexey255964 31.67
170 Kuzmin, Gennady P255951 51.28
171 Anastasian, Ashot255952 32.79
172 Spassky, Boris V255958 60.25
173 Moroz, Alexander255856 36.28
174 Atalik, Suat255850 32.55
175 Stefansson, Hannes255749 24.78
176 Ionov, Sergey255651 35.31
177 Gabriel, Christian255650 22.16
178 Watson, William N255656 35.03
179 Kosashvili, Yona255659 26.82
180 Ivanov, Sergey255552 35.59
181 Smagin, Sergey255553 38.64
182 Hickl, Joerg255549 32.04
183 Lanka, Zigurds255450 36.94
184 Plaskett, Jim255462 37.12
185 Kavalek, Lubomir255462 53.72
186 Dlugy, Maxim255466 31.25
187 Minasian, Artashes255452 30.28
188 Wang Zili255351 28.88
189 Smikovski, Ivan255364 24.88
190 Yemelin, Vasily255251 21.25
191 Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav255252 31.12
192 Fishbein, Alexander255265 28.97
193 Bischoff, Klaus255148 35.89
194 Sagalchik, Gennadij255157 28.02
195 Podgaets, Mikhail Y255171 49.77
196 Muhutdinov, Marat255072 29.45
197 Kruppa, Yuri255052 32.86
198 Kotronias, Vasilios254950 32.68
199 King, Daniel J254952 33.67
200 Stohl, Igor254948 32.59
201 Gurevich, Dmitry254849 40.64
202 Loginov, Valery A254849 41.38
203 Tregubov, Pavel V254750 25.36
204 Chandler, Murray G254755 37.07
205 Burmakin, Vladimir254649 29.90
206 Khenkin, Igor254649 29.11
207 Ilincic, Zlatko254651 28.97
208 Smejkal, Jan254650 51.11
209 Asrian, Karen254655 17.02
210 Nijboer, Friso254649 31.92
211 Spangenberg, Hugo254649 21.44
212 Bönsch, Uwe254550 38.54
213 Rustemov, Alexander254550 23.82
214 Bezgodov, Alexei254552 27.83
215 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V254450 52.60
216 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y254455 52.98
217 Gurevich, Ilya254463 25.23
218 Shabalov, Alexander254451 29.63
219 van der Wiel, John T H254449 37.72
220 Vasiukov, Evgeny A254353 64.15
221 Ye Jiangchuan254351 36.44
222 Dao Thien Hai254349 18.97
223 Nikolenko, Oleg254354 37.86
224 Ivanov, Alexander V2254371 40.99
225 Spraggett, Kevin B254350 42.47
226 Poluljahov, Aleksandr254350 31.90
227 Neverov, Valery254351 32.86
228 Ginsburg, Gennadij254161 25.72
229 Frolov, Artur254158 26.75
230 Hebden, Mark254051 39.21
231 Zarubin, Pavel254068 29.21
232 Greenfeld, Alon254050 33.04
233 Knaak, Rainer F254054 44.12
234 Saltaev, Mihail253953 34.45
235 Arkhipov, Sergey253855 42.85
236 Ivanov, Alexander V253853 40.99
237 Dizdar, Goran253849 38.40
238 Dizdarevic, Emir253850 39.08
239 Nisipeanu, Liviu Dieter253850 20.75
240 Shchekachev, Andrei253751 24.51
241 Mecking, Henrique253774 45.27
242 Lobron, Eric253748 36.97
243 Fedorowicz, John P253756 38.59
244 Vaulin, Alexander253750 40.12
245 Golubev, Mihail253652 26.91
246 Zezulkin, Jurij253662 25.71
247 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B253653 42.45
248 Sax, Gyula253549 45.87
249 Palac, Mladen253548 26.20
250 Davies, Nigel R253551 36.75
251 Cebalo, Mišo253549 52.23
252 Shabanov, Yury F253562 59.47
253 Varga, Z.253461 26.80
254 Avrukh, Boris253451 19.31
255 Horvath, Jozsef253447 32.71
256 Kiselev, Sergey253449 35.63
257 Rodriguez, Amador253349 40.64
258 Hulak, Krunoslav253351 45.92
259 Orlov, Georgi253262
260 Popovic, Petar253251 38.21
261 Guseinov, Aidyn253262 45.33
262 Alburt, Lev O253261 51.69
263 Kotsur, Pavel253154 23.32
264 Ulibin, Mikhail253049 25.91
265 Chekhov, Valery A253053 41.43
266 Babula, Vlastimil253051 23.58
267 Mariano, Nelson253065 22.84
268 Sherbakov, Vitaly S253066 41.86
269 Budnikov, Alexandar253066 30.26
270 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V252952 49.70
271 Van der Sterren, Paul252949 41.12
272 Liss, Eran252952 21.83
273 Volkov, Sergey252952 23.23
274 Zagrebelny, Sergey252853
275 Kovacevic, Vladimir252853 55.09
276 Marin, Mihail252848 32.03
277 Sokolin, Leonid M252769
278 Ricardi, Pablo252750 35.18
279 Chuchelov, Vladimir252552 27.59
280 Hort, Vlastimil252551 53.30
281 Soffer, Ram252553 31.65
282 Miladinovic, Igor252551 23.26
283 Enders, Peter252450 34.24
284 Blatny, Pavel252448 28.86
285 Schandorff, Lars252350 32.03
286 Slobodjan, Roman252350 22.33
287 Arnason, Jon L252357 36.46
288 Kiriakov, Petr252353 22.30
289 Gyimesi, Zoltan252248 20.08
290 Tischbierek, Raj252251 34.60
291 Gorelov, Sergey G252259 39.70
292 Wells, Peter K252148 32.04
293 Akhmadeev, Vadim252165 40.80
294 Strikovic, Aleksa252150 35.96
295 Shariyazdanov, Andrey252051 20.80
296 Nogueiras, Jesus252050 37.79
297 Yuneev, Alexey252069
298 Kovacevic, Vladimir2252070 42.12
299 Damljanovic, Branko251949 35.87
300 Luther, Thomas251949 27.49
301 Kosten, Anthony C251953 38.77
302 Gallagher, Joseph G251949 32.98
303 Kacheishvili, Giorgi251954 20.22
304 Kosic, Dragan251952 27.21
305 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N251952 51.03
306 Gofshtein, Leonid D251850 44.03
307 Egin, Vladimir251854
308 Xie Jun251850 26.50
309 Conquest, Stuart251849 30.16
310 Suba, Mihai251851 49.91
311 Kupreichik, Viktor D251849 47.82
312 Starosek, Konstantin251768 28.67
313 Yurtaev, Leonid251755 37.99
314 Irzhanov, Ruslan251753 20.43
315 Notkin, Maksim251650 33.39
316 Gausel, Einar251650 33.42
317 Djuric, Stefan251653 41.76
318 Ruzele, Darius251652 29.01
319 Lesiege, Alexandre251657 21.70
320 Milov, Leonid251656 31.23
321 Kudrin, Sergey251554 37.65
322 Mainka, Romuald251551 33.95
323 Zakharevich, Igor251552 33.79
324 Vesselovsky, Serguei251554 45.26
325 Nielsen, Peter Heine251548 23.93
326 Golod, Vitali251555 25.84
327 Maiorov, Oleg251453 25.78
328 Magem Badals, Jordi251449 29.68
329 Nesterov, Jakov251475 30.43
330 Stangl, Markus251350 28.00
331 Kantsler, Boris251351 35.04
332 Akesson, Ralf251350 36.23
333 Maksimenko, Andrei251350 27.40
334 Groszpeter, Attila251350 36.89
335 Lugovoi, Aleksei251351 22.15
336 Kishnev, Sergey251360 40.50
337 Djurhuus, Rune251250 27.26
338 Malakhov, Vladimir251252 16.43
339 Miralles, Gilles251255 31.23
340 Kobalija, Mihail251252 18.98
341 Arencibia, Walter251249 29.78
342 Franco Ocampos, Zenon251153 40.96
343 Timoshchenko, Gennady251151 48.01
344 Agrest, Evgenij251150 30.71
345 Guliev, Sarhan251151 29.08
346 Belikov, Vladimir251152 25.74
347 Dvoretsky, Mark I251072 49.39
348 Koniushkov, Igor251055 34.42
349 Smyslov, Vassily V251051 76.10
350 Kholmov, Ratmir D250950 71.96
351 Tsesarsky, Ilya250962 37.56
352 Krakops, Maris250954 19.07
353 Yandemirov, Valeri250952 34.22
354 Adorján, András250955 47.08
355 Dokutchaev, Aleksander250965 24.91
356 Vukic, Milan250959 53.70
357 Zontakh, Andrey250856 26.49
358 Kuporosov, Viktor250857 35.59
359 Malisauskas, Vidmantas250850 33.74
360 Podzielny, Karl Heinz250858 42.64
361 Ye Rongguang250855 33.57
362 Krivonosov, Oleg250863 35.96
363 Hamdouchi, Hichem250852 24.56
364 Gavrilakis, Nikolaos250863 42.10
365 Ubilava, Elizbar E250753 46.68
366 Istratescu, Andrei250750 21.41
367 Vakhidov, Tahir250757
368 Simonovic, Aleksandar250765 28.49
369 Mestel, A Jonathan250771 40.13
370 Emms, John M250750 30.13
371 Palatnik, Semen A250666 47.09
372 Horváth, Csaba250647 28.90
373 Olafsson, Helgi250651 40.71
374 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto250649 39.36
375 Temirbaev, Serik250657
376 Khasin, Alexander250668 46.00
377 Kaminski, Marcin250651 20.14
378 Har Zvi, Ronen250553 20.55
379 Zhuravliov, Valerij250573 58.39
380 Sosonko, Gennadi250552 53.94
381 Barua, Dibyendu250553 30.51
382 Bagaturov, Giorgi250453 32.42
383 Solozhenkin, Evgeniy250452 30.75
384 Rodriguez, Andres250352 23.36
385 Manor, Ilan250354 27.51
386 Prokopchuk, Evgeny250353 18.80
387 Legky, Nikolay A250350 42.05
388 Nasybullin, Vladislav250374
389 Degraeve, Jean Marc250351 26.26
390 Delchev, Aleksander250350 25.79
391 Rausis, Igors250248 36.06
392 Kumaran, Dharshan250253 21.90
393 Kveinys, Aloyzas250249 34.81
394 Najer, Evgeniy250154 19.86
395 Rychagov, Andrey250152 17.74
396 Wang Pin250063 22.39
397 Kolev, Atanas250054 29.79
398 Hector, Jonny250048 33.21
399 Tolnai, Tibor250050 32.60
400 Thorsteins, Karl250065 32.55
401 Antunes, Antonio250051 35.23
402 Moskalenko, Viktor249953 36.40
403 Chernyshov, Konstantin249953 29.89
404 Renet, Olivier249950 32.36
405 Jakubiec, Artur249961 23.41
406 Apicella, Manuel249850 27.03
407 Quinteros, Miguel A249856 49.34
408 Krogius, Nikolay V249862 66.77
409 Finkel, Alexander249850 22.33
410 Pavlovic, Milos249852 33.32
411 Nikolaidis, Ioannis249850 26.32
412 Dimitrov, Vladimir249752 29.05
413 Varavin, Viktor249754 29.93
414 Arbakov, Valentin249751 45.26
415 Didishko, Vereslav249751 48.05
416 Galkin, Alexander249751 18.25
417 Klinger, Josef249670 29.90
418 Li Wenliang249658 30.03
419 Zarnicki, Pablo249650 24.47
420 Haba, Petr249650 32.32
421 Shmuter, Leonid249656 27.98
422 Johansen, Darryl K249558 38.24
423 Jansa, Vlastimil249549 54.43
424 Rytshagov, Mikhail249549 29.47
425 Mokrý, Karel249553 38.23
426 Keitlinghaus, Ludger249449 31.77
427 Ivanovic, Božidar249455 50.68
428 Tseitlin, Mark D249450 53.60
429 Vera, Reynaldo249450 36.31
430 Ponomariov, Ruslan249456 13.55
431 Sokolovs, Andrei249455 25.19
432 Jirovsky, Milos249352 23.12
433 Velimirovic, Dragoljub249352 54.96
434 Mueller, Karsten249353 26.44
435 Maljutin, Evgeni249362 25.50
436 Drasko, Milan249350 34.40
437 Dragomarezkij, Evgeni249355 44.28
438 Antonio, Rogelio Jr249356 35.20
439 Lin Weiguo249265 26.76
440 Ioseliani, Nana249252 35.22
441 Zilberman, Yaacov249256 42.92
442 Dyachkov, Sergej249254 20.48
443 Vogt, Lothar H249252 45.29
444 Liiva, Riho249257 21.82
445 Larsen, Bent249155 62.15
446 Liang Chong249168
447 Brenninkmeijer, Joris249157 27.63
448 Winants, Luc249157 34.33
449 Ionescu, Constantin249150 38.63
450 Lau, Ralf249050 37.53
451 Abramovic, Boško249054 46.21
452 Donchev, Dimitar I249064 38.78
453 Supatashvili, Khvicha249055 28.08
454 Berelovich, Aleksandar249054 29.83
455 Teske, Henrik249049 29.17
456 Kempinski, Robert248949 19.80
457 Geller, Efim P248963 72.16
458 Cramling, Pia248949 34.02
459 Ryskin, Alexander248964 34.30
460 Li Zunian248972 39.31
461 Anagnostopoulos, Dimitri248951 26.89
462 Bezold, Michael248949 24.93
463 Khachian, Melikset248853 26.82
464 Bagirov, Vladimir K248851 60.71
465 Danielsen, Henrik248849 31.28
466 Maherramzade, Javad248858 20.96
467 Zaitsev, Igor A248851 58.92
468 Mukhametov, Eldar248754 27.94
469 Fercec, Nenad248753 36.05
470 Kovalev, Andrei248752 35.48
471 Vasquez, Rodrigo248770 27.40
472 Komliakov, Viktor248749 37.01
473 Karpeshov, Oleg248769 43.23
474 Lazarev, Vladimir248753 32.90
475 Bacrot, Etienne248750 14.27
476 Bauer, Christian248651 20.30
477 Nadyrhanov, Sergey248657 33.59
478 Garcia Ilundain, David248649 26.08
479 Sulskis, Sarunas248551 24.43
480 Karpman, Vadim248573 31.96
481 Gil Capape, Javier248565 29.97
482 Thorhallsson, Throstur248549 28.11
483 Feygin, Michail248563 22.25
484 Meister, Yakov248564 41.64
485 Goloshchapov, Alexander248460 19.26
486 Kalinitschew, Sergey248453 41.24
487 Popchev, Milko248459 32.47
488 Zapata, Alonso248451 38.69
489 Finegold, Benjamin248367 27.65
490 Novik, Maxim248372 33.39
491 Piskov, Yury248355 35.55
492 Borges Mateos, Juan248359 31.09
493 Volzhin, Alexander248250 26.24
494 Badea, Bela248253 28.19
495 Zakharstov, Viacheslav V248265 29.08
496 Miezis, Normunds248250 25.96
497 Novgorodskij, Vladimir248260 23.49
498 Wu Shaobin248263 28.24
499 Annageldyev, Orazly248260 37.11
500 Mitenkov, Alexey248256 36.14

These ratings, calculated as of April 30, 1997, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between May 1, 1996 and April 30, 1997, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of April 30, 1996. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of April 30, 1997. This represents the player's estimated strength on May 1, 1997.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on May 1, 1997. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on May 1, 1997 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on May 1, 1997. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on April 30, 1997. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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