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Top 10 active players as of February 29, 1988

  #  

Player Rating +/-
1 Kasparov, Garry K281248
2 Karpov, Anatoly E277348
3 Timman, Jan H274447
4 Beliavsky, Alexander G271349
5 Tal, Mikhail269047
6 Jussupow, Artur M268449
7 Portisch, Lajos268248
8 Ehlvest, Jaan268050
9 Korchnoi, Viktor L267947
10 Short, Nigel D267148

About these ratings

Top 500 active players as of February 29, 1988

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Kasparov, Garry K28124858.9% #224.88
2 Karpov, Anatoly E27734821.7% #536.77
3 Timman, Jan H2744478.1% #936.21
4 Beliavsky, Alexander G2713492.7% #2034.20
5 Tal, Mikhail2690470.8% #3051.30
6 Jussupow, Artur M2684490.8% #3528.04
7 Portisch, Lajos2682480.6% #3750.90
8 Ehlvest, Jaan2680500.6% #3925.37
9 Korchnoi, Viktor L2679470.4% #3856.93
10 Short, Nigel D2671480.3% #4422.74
11 Tukmakov, Vladimir B2667490.3% #4741.95
12 Ivanchuk, Vassily2667530.4% #5118.94
13 Speelman, Jonathan S2665490.3% #5031.41
14 Gelfand, Boris2662530.3% #5419.68
15 Ribli, Zoltán2660500.2% #5436.48
16 Gavrikov, Victor N2659500.2% #5530.58
17 Sax, Gyula2658510.2% #5736.70
18 Hübner, Robert2657490.2% #5739.31
19 Yudasin, Leonid G2654510.2% #6028.56
20 Andersson, Ulf2654490.1% #5936.67
21 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2654470.1% #5837.32
22 Khalifman, Alexander2653490.1% #6022.11
23 Salov, Valery B2650500.1% #6323.76
24 Gurevich, Mikhail N2648480.1% #6429.02
25 Spassky, Boris V2647500.1% #6651.08
26 Seirawan, Yasser2646490.1% #6627.92
27 Chernin, Alexander M2645480.1% #6727.97
28 Nikolic, Predrag2644480.1% #6827.47
29 Psakhis, Lev B2642480.1% #7029.25
30 Malaniuk, Vladimir P2642480.1% #7030.61
31 Vaganian, Rafael A2640480.1% #7336.37
32 Dolmatov, Sergey V2638500.1% #7529.02
33 Agdestein, Simen2637510.1% #7620.79
34 Chandler, Murray G263748 #7527.90
35 Gulko, Boris F2635500.1% #7841.05
36 Azmaiparashvili, Zurab A2634520.1% #8227.95
37 Kharitonov, Andrey Y2632520.1% #8228.90
38 Romanishin, Oleg M263148 #8136.13
39 Hort, Vlastimil262951 #8444.13
40 Eingorn, Viacheslav S262950 #8531.26
41 Balashov, Yury S262950 #8438.96
42 Lputian, Smbat G262849 #8530.04
43 Nunn, John D M262449 #9032.84
44 Georgiev, Kiril262349 #8922.25
45 Dokhoian, Yury2622540.1% #9423.34
46 Polugaevsky, Lev A262150 #9453.27
47 Sokolov, Andrey Y261950 #9524.94
48 Smirin, Ilia261753 #9920.11
49 Lerner, Konstantin Z261550 #10038.00
50 Goldin, Alexander261355 #10523.01
51 Vyzmanavin, Alexey261251 #10428.16
52 Razuvaev, Yury S261050 #10542.38
53 Kruppa, Yuri2610590.1% #11223.69
54 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E260850 #10838.05
55 Yurtaev, Leonid260457 #11728.83
56 Dorfman, Iosif D260353 #11435.83
57 Pintér, József260351 #11534.30
58 Larsen, Bent260250 #11452.98
59 Smyslov, Vassily V260251 #11566.92
60 Pigusov, Evgeny260150 #11526.91
61 Dreev, Alexey260054 #11919.11
62 Bareev, Evgeny260050 #11521.27
63 Christiansen, Larry M259849 #11831.67
64 Kuzmin, Gennady P259753 #12142.11
65 Miles, Anthony J259748 #11932.85
66 Neverov, Valery259657 #12623.69
67 Vaisser, Anatoli259552 #12338.98
68 Huzman, Alexander259552 #12325.88
69 Smagin, Sergey259450 #12229.47
70 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V259450 #12343.43
71 Anand, Viswanathan259353 #12518.22
72 Torre, Eugenio259250 #12436.32
73 Ubilava, Elizbar E259154 #12937.51
74 Hjartarson, Jóhann258949 #12825.06
75 Murey, Yakov258952 #13046.57
76 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N258850 #13041.86
77 Krasenkow, Michal258556 #13624.29
78 Ftácnik, Lubomír258450 #13330.33
79 Dvoiris, Semen I258458 #13929.32
80 Panchenko, Alexander N258453 #13534.40
81 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y258456 #13831.11
82 Vasiukov, Evgeny A258356 #13854.98
83 Benjamin, Joel L258349 #13523.96
84 Kavalek, Lubomir258255 #14044.55
85 Rozentalis, Eduardas258253 #13824.76
86 Mikhalchishin, Adrian B258151 #13733.28
87 Gorelov, Sergey G258158 #14330.53
88 Podgaets, Mikhail Y258164 #14640.60
89 Marin, Mihail257856 #14422.86
90 Panno, Oscar R257762 #14852.94
91 Timoshchenko, Gennady257751 #14138.84
92 van der Wiel, John T H257648 #14128.55
93 Novikov, Igor A257650 #14225.77
94 Makarichev, Sergey Y257655 #14634.28
95 Hansen, Curt257350 #14523.45
96 Kochiev, Alexander257254 #14931.92
97 Kaidanov, Gregory S257051 #14828.38
98 Fedorowicz, John P257050 #14729.42
99 Darga, Klaus V257072 #16254.01
100 Naumkin, Igor257053 #15022.55
101 Bönsch, Uwe257050 29.37
102 Pétursson, Margeir256950 28.04
103 Suba, Mihai256850 40.74
104 Glek, Igor V256766 26.31
105 Kupreichik, Viktor D256750 38.65
106 Popovic, Petar256750 29.04
107 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y256757 43.81
108 Cámpora, Daniel H256651 30.66
109 Bronstein, David I256668 64.03
110 Adorján, András256550 37.91
111 Epishin, Vladimir256454 22.63
112 Nogueiras, Jesus256349 28.62
113 Moskalenko, Viktor256256 27.23
114 Oll, Lembit256251 21.85
115 Shabanov, Yury F256162 50.30
116 Zaichik, Gennady L256051 31.05
117 Kudrin, Sergey256050 28.48
118 Gipslis, Aivars256056 51.06
119 Karlsson, Lars255951 32.63
120 Sosonko, Gennadi255951 44.78
121 Sokolov, Ivan255853 19.71
122 Arkhipov, Sergey255754 33.68
123 Csom, István255751 47.74
124 Didishko, Vereslav255766 38.88
125 Shereshevsky, Mikhail I255773 37.86
126 Dautov, Rustem255663 22.25
127 Uhlmann, Wolfgang255652 52.91
128 Dlugy, Maxim255649 22.08
129 Vorotnikov, Vladislav V255575 40.53
130 Kholmov, Ratmir D255557 62.79
131 Yakovich, Yuri255454 25.25
132 Soppe, Guillermo255466 27.45
133 Velimirovic, Dragoljub255350 45.80
134 Greenfeld, Alon255353 23.87
135 Spraggett, Kevin B255352 33.30
136 Yermolinsky, Alex V255354 29.88
137 Marjanovic, Slavoljub255250 33.15
138 Chiburdanidze, Maia G255253 27.12
139 Mainka, Romuald255161 24.79
140 Gufeld, Eduard E255066 51.94
141 Kengis, Edvins254853 28.88
142 Gligoric, Svetozar254854 65.07
143 Ivanov, Igor V254856 41.14
144 Cvitan, Ognjen254751 26.38
145 Janjgava, Lasha254754 17.81
146 Knaak, Rainer F254750 34.95
147 Chekhov, Valery A254751 32.26
148 Kveinys, Aloyzas254761 25.64
149 Kindermann, Stefan254748 28.17
150 Gheorghiu, Florin254751 43.90
151 Savon, Vladimir A254566 47.42
152 Arnason, Jon L254551 27.29
153 Ivanov, Alexander V254566 31.83
154 Sorokin, Maxim254558 20.10
155 Serper, Grigory254355 18.46
156 Shneider, Aleksandr254359 25.77
157 Gaprindashvili, Nona254358 46.82
158 Morovic Fernández, Iván E254259 24.92
159 Liberzon, Vladimir M254273 50.93
160 Taimanov, Mark E254270 62.06
161 Henley, Ron W254171 31.23
162 Bagirov, Vladimir K254154 51.54
163 Kurajica, Bojan254156 40.29
164 Graf, Alexander254057 25.51
165 Reshevsky, Samuel H254070 76.26
166 Aseev, Konstantin N254059 27.36
167 Cebalo, Mišo254051 43.06
168 Barlov, Dragan253950 31.08
169 Smejkal, Jan253952 41.93
170 Sturua, Zurab253975 28.72
171 Hulak, Krunoslav253751 36.76
172 Browne, Walter S253751 39.13
173 Rodriguez, Amador253750 31.47
174 Lanka, Zigurds253660 27.77
175 Kuzmin, Alexey253657 24.97
176 Ulibin, Mikhail253558 16.74
177 Geller, Efim P253549 62.98
178 Alburt, Lev O253352 42.52
179 Ekstroem, Roland253360 31.77
180 Lobron, Eric253250 27.81
181 deFirmian, Nicholas E253250 30.59
182 Olafsson, Helgi253150 31.54
183 Quinteros, Miguel A253055 40.17
184 Palatnik, Semen A252955 37.92
185 Illescas Cordoba, Miguel252855 22.24
186 Adianto, Utut252759 22.95
187 Byrne, Robert E252661 59.86
188 Lalic, Bogdan252552 23.97
189 Inkiov, Ventzislav252551 31.78
190 Antunes, Antonio252471 26.06
191 Watson, William N252451 25.86
192 Veingold, Aleksander252465 34.38
193 Gruenfeld, Yehuda252452 32.00
194 Wedberg, Tom252453 34.26
195 Cifuentes Parada, Roberto252356 30.19
196 Mestel, A Jonathan252353 30.95
197 London, Dimitri252365 25.27
198 Barua, Dibyendu252355 21.34
199 Ruban, Vadim252359 23.71
200 Bischoff, Klaus252251 26.72
201 Kovacevic, Vladimir252258 45.92
202 Rogers, Ian252150 27.68
203 Seret, Jean Luc252063
204 Barbero, Gerardo F252057 26.52
205 Groszpeter, Attila251952 27.72
206 Sherbakov, Vitaly S251972 32.69
207 Tischbierek, Raj251850 25.43
208 Lau, Ralf251751 28.36
209 Ostermeyer, Peter251763 44.38
210 Garcia Palermo, Carlos251750 34.24
211 Vitolinš, Alvis251760 41.70
212 Guseinov, Aidyn251664 36.16
213 Nemet, Ivan251662 44.87
214 Root, Douglas251571 25.05
215 Vogt, Lothar H251551 36.12
216 Frias, Victor J251561 32.05
217 Magerramov, Elmar S251365 29.88
218 Sahovic, Dragutin251265 47.56
219 Loginov, Valery A251254 32.21
220 Petrienko, Vladimir251265 32.96
221 Hebden, Mark251152 30.04
222 Lukacs, Peter251049 37.64
223 Lein, Anatoly250954 56.91
224 Todorcevic, Miodrag250852 47.30
225 Andrianov, Nikolai250871 26.19
226 Velikov, Petar250854 36.91
227 Sunye Neto, Jaime250854 30.82
228 Donchev, Dimitar I250857 29.61
229 Meduna, Eduard250751 37.47
230 Ivanovic, Božidar250752 41.51
231 Franco Ocampos, Zenon250765 31.80
232 Hazai, Laszlo250752 34.71
233 Kantsler, Boris250657 25.87
234 Ionov, Sergey250670 26.14
235 García Gonzáles, Guillermo250550 34.22
236 Rohde, Michael A250451 28.51
237 Nikolac, Juraj250462 55.85
238 Hodgson, Julian M250450 24.59
239 Mokrý, Karel250450 29.06
240 Pfleger, Helmut250362 44.56
241 Kalinitschew, Sergey250264 32.07
242 Ivkov, Borislav250055 54.30
243 Zagrebelny, Sergey250063
244 Petrosian, Arshak B249954 34.20
245 Xu Jun249853 25.45
246 Raicevic, Momcilo249863
247 Stoica, Valentin249858 38.04
248 Ghinda, Mihail Viorel249853 38.59
249 Govedarica, Radovan249761 40.04
250 Piket, Jeroen249752 19.09
251 Vukic, Milan249669 44.53
252 Skembris, Spyridon249656 30.02
253 Tringov, Georgy P249660 50.97
254 Rajkovic, Dusan249554 45.70
255 Simic, Radoslav249563 39.72
256 Georgiev, Krum249553 29.76
257 Barbulescu, Dan249457 23.68
258 Valkesalmi, Kimmo249454 26.83
259 Plaskett, Jim249453 27.94
260 Faragó, Iván249448 41.91
261 Georgadze, Tamaz V249359 40.30
262 McKay, Roderick M249373 36.05
263 Wilder, Michael249353 25.45
264 Basin, Leonid249361 30.27
265 Flear, Glenn C249250 29.05
266 Efimov, Igor249263 27.45
267 Adams, Michael249159 16.28
268 Reeh, Oliver249162 24.11
269 Schussler, Harry249154 30.68
270 Espig, Lutz249057 39.15
271 Drasko, Milan249052 25.23
272 Stohl, Igor249051 23.42
273 Kishnev, Sergey249075 31.33
274 Damljanovic, Branko248953 26.70
275 Andres Mendez, Miguel248964
276 Shamkovich, Leonid A248958 64.74
277 Foisor, Ovidiu248852 28.90
278 Wolf, Volker248765 30.48
279 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A248771 49.23
280 Unzicker, Wolfgang248759 62.67
281 Karpman, Vadim248662 22.80
282 Petrushin, Alexander I248675 40.96
283 Pekarek, Ales248652 26.20
284 Van der Sterren, Paul248650 31.94
285 Vera, Reynaldo248655 27.14
286 Rukavina, Josip248561 45.25
287 Klundt, Klaus248566 46.18
288 Mochalov, Evgeny V248468 36.33
289 Yrjola, Jouni248451 28.35
290 Schneider, Lars Ake248456
291 Ionescu, Constantin248453 29.46
292 Savchenko, Stanislav248368 21.11
293 Hellers, Ferdinand248353 19.09
294 Antoshin, Vladimir S248274 58.79
295 Rivas Pastor, Manuel248155 27.63
296 Jansa, Vlastimil248150 45.26
297 Ernst, Thomas248151 27.53
298 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I248161 54.29
299 Khasin, Alexander248065 36.83
300 Zapata, Alonso248050 29.52
301 Lombardy, William J248060 50.23
302 Granda Zuńiga, Julio E248051 21.01
303 Thorhallsson, Throstur248059 18.94
304 Mednis, Edmar J248060 50.93
305 Lukin, Andrei M247971 39.50
306 Popchev, Milko247954 23.30
307 Winants, Luc247951 25.16
308 Gomez Baillo, Jorge H247860 28.86
309 Klaric, Zlatko247866 31.35
310 Helmers, Knut J247767 31.06
311 Petkevich, Jusefs247769 47.19
312 Szekely, Peter247757 33.06
313 Nun, Josef247767 54.60
314 Fernandez Garcia, Jose Luis247658 33.82
315 Hickl, Joerg247652 22.87
316 Staniszewski, Piotr247652 21.48
317 Kotronias, Vasilios247553 23.51
318 Ermenkov, Evgenij247555 38.42
319 Abramovic, Boško247553 37.04
320 Řgaard, Leif247462 36.15
321 Akhmilovskaya, Elena247465
322 Eslon, Jaan247470 35.98
323 Marangunic, Srdjan247465 44.33
324 Gutman, Lev247351 42.42
325 Belov, Igor247263
326 Pytel, Krzysztof247268 42.79
327 Ostojic, Predrag247271 50.02
328 Nun, Jiri247256 30.59
329 Veinger, Itzhak247161 49.65
330 Dizdar, Goran247152 29.23
331 Polgar, Zsuzsa247150 18.86
332 Lechtynsky, Jiri247053 40.26
333 Garcia, Gildardo247056 33.96
334 Portisch, Ferenc247065 48.89
335 Filipovic, Branko246960 30.40
336 Jelen, Iztok246871 41.11
337 King, Daniel J246851 24.50
338 Li Zunian246863 30.14
339 Klovans, Janis246862 52.89
340 Ricardi, Pablo246857 26.01
341 Rubinetti, Jorge A246860 42.91
342 Mortensen, Erling246854 32.90
343 Kogan, Boris246857
344 Gabdrakhmanov, Rafail246875 28.73
345 Murshed, Niaz246766 21.79
346 Tseitlin, Mikhail S246769 40.70
347 Shabalov, Alexander246754 20.46
348 Pribyl, Josef246655 40.38
349 Nikolic, Zivoslav246656 34.21
350 Horvath, Jozsef246551 23.54
351 Ninov, Kiril246564 19.39
352 Ree, Hans246556 43.45
353 Birnboim, Nathan246555 37.26
354 Plachetka, Jan246550 43.03
355 Motwani, Paul246561 25.71
356 Klinger, Josef246553 20.73
357 Khenkin, Igor246563 19.93
358 Keitlinghaus, Ludger246459 22.60
359 Lanc, Alois246452 40.03
360 Gurevich, Dmitry246450 31.47
361 Meister, Peter246461 21.68
362 Kamsky, Gata246467 13.74
363 Sznapik, Aleksander246451 37.05
364 Schmittdiel, Eckhard246356 27.79
365 Vokác, Marek246356 29.23
366 Zaitsev, Igor A246364 49.76
367 Ornstein, Axel246357 35.85
368 Piasetski, Leon David246271
369 Szmetan, Jorge246160 37.76
370 Levin, Felix246166 29.31
371 Matulovic, Milan246157 52.72
372 Polasek, Jaroslav246163 30.91
373 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz246050 44.88
374 Knezevic, Milorad246051 51.33
375 Ambroz, Jan246062 33.70
376 Reyes, Juan245967 24.84
377 Ardiansyah, Haji245864 36.23
378 Hawelko, Marek245851 28.55
379 Sideif Sade, Fikret I245861 36.16
380 Verduga, Denis Homero245758
381 Pedersen, Erik245570 29.47
382 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur245561 40.43
383 Malisauskas, Vidmantas245454 24.57
384 Timoshenko, Georgy245476 21.74
385 Renet, Olivier245452 23.19
386 Kuczynski, Robert245451 21.87
387 Davies, Nigel R245451 27.58
388 Renman, Nils Gustaf245261
389 Blatny, Pavel245252 19.69
390 Popov, Luben245274 52.09
391 Mohr, Stefan245262 20.35
392 Magomedov, Magaram245167 21.77
393 Kolev, Atanas245174 20.62
394 Piesina, Gintautas245062 35.89
395 Hecht, Hans-Joachim245069 49.08
396 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich245055 32.14
397 Trapl, Jindrich244961 45.92
398 Bukal, Vladimir Sr244857 48.33
399 Meyer, E.244876
400 Ochoa de Echaguen, F Javier244860 33.48
401 Braga, Fernando244858 29.64
402 Arkell, Keith C244863 27.14
403 Rechlis, Gad244755 21.06
404 Tempone, Marcelo244770 25.48
405 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes244659 44.65
406 Lalev, Dimitar244562 28.12
407 Kouatly, Bachar244550 29.98
408 Kurtenkov, Atanas244567 24.57
409 Cabrilo, Goran244564 29.66
410 Horvath, Tamas244557 36.35
411 Martinovic, Slobodan244460 42.59
412 Leski, Marc244367 26.68
413 Nijboer, Friso244360 22.76
414 Kraidman, Yair244371 55.33
415 Kallai, Gabor244362 29.02
416 Ye Jiangchuan244368 27.27
417 Yap, Andronico244361
418 Prandstetter, Eduard244352 39.20
419 Sharif, Mershad244257 35.63
420 Kosten, Anthony C244252 29.60
421 Hamann, Svend244269 47.39
422 Luther, Thomas244257 18.32
423 Hertneck, Gerald244155 24.45
424 Lukov, Valentin244159 32.22
425 Wittmann, Walter244160 39.95
426 Karolyi, Tibor Jr244151 26.29
427 Semeniuk, Alexander A244065 35.47
428 Radulov, Ivan244058 49.14
429 Neckar, Lubomir244063 37.57
430 Spassov, Liuben244056 44.93
431 Shtyrenkov, Veniamen244075 29.85
432 Negulescu, Adrian243960 26.72
433 Semkov, Semko243957 27.99
434 Schoen, Wolfram243957 20.73
435 Dzuban, Oleg I243974
436 Gleizerov, Evgeny243863 24.94
437 Saltaev, Mihail243861 25.28
438 Kirov Ivanov, Nino243854 42.47
439 Casper, Thomas243853 28.94
440 Spiridonov, Nikola243758 50.00
441 Toshkov, Tihomir243755 28.27
442 Cramling, Dan243758 29.06
443 Djuric, Stefan243752 32.59
444 Graf, Juergen243664 24.91
445 Ligterink, Gert243653 38.28
446 Hernandez, Roman243564 38.27
447 Wockenfuss, Klaus243559 36.50
448 Handoko, Edhi243564 27.50
449 Wolff, Patrick G243556 20.04
450 Bielczyk, Jacek243558 35.02
451 Pieterse, Gert243460 26.03
452 Tisdall, Jonathan D243453 29.51
453 Ziatdinov, Raset243362 29.17
454 Wirthensohn, Heinz243359 36.82
455 Temirbaev, Serik243265
456 Sherzer, Alex243259 17.08
457 Velickovic, Sasa243267 36.91
458 Robatsch, Karl243256 59.37
459 Litvinov, Vladimir243269 46.62
460 Orso, Miklos243270 31.72
461 Rakic, Tomislav243267 53.30
462 Piskov, Yury243164 26.38
463 Lendwai, Reinhard243168 21.38
464 Pavlovic, Milos243158 24.15
465 Bilek, István243164 55.55
466 Hausner, Ivan243058 35.87
467 Schulte, Oliver243063 19.19
468 Benko, Pal C242963 59.62
469 Milos, Gilberto242955 24.33
470 Nickoloff, Bryon242961 31.68
471 Fokin, Sergey242964 32.37
472 Sonntag, Hans Hubert242962
473 Litinskaya, Marta I242975 38.92
474 Hug, Werner242859 35.47
475 Bonin, Jay R242863 32.64
476 Jakobsen, Ole242864 45.36
477 Matlak, Marek242752 21.93
478 Rachels, Stuart242763 18.42
479 Wiedenkeller, Michael242754 25.13
480 Ghitescu, Theodor242762 54.10
481 Nowak, Ignacy242758 39.13
482 Gallagher, Joseph G242657 23.82
483 Forintos, Gyözö V242662 52.58
484 Doncevic, Dario242663 30.13
485 Paehtz, Thomas Sr242653 31.48
486 Liang Jinrong242661 27.77
487 Thorsteins, Karl242653 23.38
488 Vallifuoco, Giacomo242575 30.82
489 Krnic, Zdenko242564 40.41
490 Soltis, Andrew E242564 40.75
491 Reefschlaeger, Helmut242565 43.89
492 Ryskin, Alexander242468 25.13
493 Atlas, Valeri242471 19.87
494 Sellos, Didier242469 31.02
495 Rostalski, Walter242470 35.14
496 Bernard, Christophe242459 35.56
497 Schneider, Attila242358 32.87
498 Makropoulos, Georgios242373 34.42
499 Tatai, Stefano242355 49.93
500 Lengyel, Levente242365 54.71

These ratings, calculated as of February 29, 1988, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between March 1, 1987 and February 29, 1988, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of February 28, 1987. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of February 29, 1988. This represents the player's estimated strength on March 1, 1988.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on March 1, 1988. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on March 1, 1988 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on March 1, 1988. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on February 29, 1988. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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