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Top 10 active players as of August 31, 1976


Top 500 active players as of August 31, 1976

  #  

Player Rating +/- Best? 75%? Age
1 Karpov, Anatoly E27594937.4% #525.27
2 Korchnoi, Viktor L27145010.1% #1445.44
3 Polugaevsky, Lev A2709508.6% #1541.78
4 Petrosian, Tigran V2708498.0% #1547.21
5 Tal, Mikhail2679492.3% #2639.81
6 Mecking, Henrique2677543.5% #2824.61
7 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly V2675502.1% #2831.93
8 Geller, Efim P2673502.1% #2951.50
9 Spassky, Boris V2672522.2% #3039.59
10 Ljubojevic, Ljubomir2664491.3% #3325.83
11 Portisch, Lajos2664491.2% #3339.41
12 Hübner, Robert2662511.3% #3527.82
13 Kuzmin, Gennady P2662551.9% #3630.62
14 Larsen, Bent2657501.0% #3741.49
15 Hort, Vlastimil2657480.9% #3632.64
16 Smyslov, Vassily V2653510.9% #3955.44
17 Krogius, Nikolay V2648753.8% #5346.11
18 Vaganian, Rafael A2646510.6% #4424.87
19 Romanishin, Oleg M2642520.6% #4624.64
20 Gufeld, Eduard E2640540.6% #4940.45
21 Gulko, Boris F2637500.4% #5029.56
22 Lein, Anatoly2633732.1% #6345.43
23 Balashov, Yury S2630510.3% #5427.47
24 Savon, Vladimir A2630510.3% #5435.92
25 Gligoric, Svetozar2629510.3% #5553.58
26 Ribli, Zoltán2625510.2% #5824.98
27 Smejkal, Jan2623490.1% #5930.44
28 Kholmov, Ratmir D2620520.2% #6251.30
29 Vasiukov, Evgeny A2619520.2% #6343.49
30 Kudriashov, Anatoly A2617751.5% #7734.37
31 Andersson, Ulf261048 #6825.18
32 Liberzon, Vladimir M2608540.1% #7239.44
33 Byrne, Robert E2608510.1% #7148.36
34 Gipslis, Aivars2607540.1% #7439.56
35 Dvoretsky, Mark I2606540.1% #7428.73
36 Furman, Semen A2606560.2% #7555.75
37 Beliavsky, Alexander G2603520.1% #7522.71
38 Evans, Larry M2601670.4% #8644.44
39 Karasev, Vladimir I2600650.4% #8538.21
40 Browne, Walter S259950 #7727.64
41 Panno, Oscar R2599530.1% #7941.46
42 Uhlmann, Wolfgang259748 #7941.42
43 Olafsson, Fridrik2596510.1% #8141.60
44 Taimanov, Mark E259451 #8250.57
45 Tukmakov, Vladimir B259250 #8430.46
46 Gheorghiu, Florin259250 #8432.40
47 Kavalek, Lubomir259250 #8433.06
48 Timman, Jan H259049 #8424.71
49 Bronstein, David I259050 #8552.53
50 Unzicker, Wolfgang2587630.2% #9651.18
51 Palatnik, Semen A2584650.2% #9926.43
52 Pfleger, Helmut258257 #9633.07
53 Dzindzichashvili, Roman Y2582720.4% #10532.32
54 Nikolac, Juraj258159 #9944.36
55 Darga, Klaus V2579670.2% #10542.52
56 Ivanov, Igor V2579640.1% #10429.65
57 Sax, Gyula257650 #9825.20
58 Razuvaev, Yury S257554 #10130.88
59 Alburt, Lev O257555 #10131.03
60 Szabó, László257552 #10159.45
61 Kurajica, Bojan257452 #10128.79
62 Osnos, Viacheslav V2572740.3% #11641.10
63 Velimirovic, Dragoljub257050 #10334.30
64 Chekhov, Valery A2570620.1% #11120.76
65 Averbakh, Yury L257058 #10854.56
66 Bagirov, Vladimir K2569660.1% #11440.04
67 Parma, Bruno256854 #10834.67
68 Schmid, Lothar M2565680.1% #11948.31
69 Matanovic, Aleksandar256553 #10946.27
70 Nei, Iivo256264 #12044.83
71 Zaitsev, Igor A256063 #12038.26
72 Lerner, Konstantin Z256060 #11926.51
73 Sosonko, Gennadi255950 #11433.29
74 Najdorf, Miguel255960 #11966.38
75 Suetin, Alexey S255753 #11649.79
76 Kapengut, Albert Z2557700.1% #12732.16
77 Timoshchenko, Gennady255656 #11927.34
78 Sigurjónsson, Gudmundur255650 #11628.93
79 Csom, István255550 #11736.25
80 Dorfman, Iosif D255459 #12324.33
81 Matulovic, Milan255452 #11941.22
82 Hulak, Krunoslav255358 #12425.27
83 Adorján, András255352 #12126.42
84 Sanguinetti, Raúl C255356 #12243.58
85 Radulov, Ivan255157 #12537.65
86 Ivkov, Borislav255050 #12142.80
87 Hecht, Hans-Joachim254756 #12837.59
88 Miles, Anthony J254750 #12421.36
89 Grefe, John A254559 #13128.98
90 Tarjan, James E254451 #12724.53
91 Malich, Burkhard G254456 #13039.76
92 Averkin, Orest N254367 #13832.52
93 Bukic, Enver254160 #13638.75
94 Lutikov, Anatoly S254155 #13343.57
95 Tseitlin, Mark D254167 #14032.93
96 Klovans, Janis254056 #13441.39
97 Lombardy, William J253956 #13538.74
98 Platonov, Igor V253671 #14642.62
99 Quinteros, Miguel A253651 #13528.68
100 Torre, Eugenio253552 #13624.82
101 Mukhin, Mikhail A253570 28.53
102 Rogoff, Kenneth S253153 23.44
103 Reshevsky, Samuel H253156 64.76
104 Commons, Kim S253059 25.11
105 Filip, Miroslav252960 47.84
106 Rashkovsky, Nukhim N252859 30.37
107 Kovacevic, Vladimir252861 34.43
108 Georgadze, Tamaz V252656 28.81
109 Tringov, Georgy P252555 39.48
110 Kupreichik, Viktor D252259 27.16
111 Jansa, Vlastimil252049 33.76
112 Knezevic, Milorad252054 39.83
113 Sveshnikov, Evgeny E251863 26.55
114 Makarichev, Sergey Y251658 22.79
115 Kraidman, Yair251561 43.83
116 Shamkovich, Leonid A251562 53.25
117 Kirov Ivanov, Nino251555 30.97
118 Schmidt, Wlodzimierz251450 33.39
119 Pachmann, Ludek251456 52.30
120 Weinstein, Norman251153 25.90
121 Panchenko, Alexander N251167 22.90
122 Pribyl, Josef251054 28.88
123 Suttles, Duncan251060 30.69
124 Sanguinetti, Renato250964 60.36
125 Benko, Pal C250852 48.13
126 Planinc, Albin250751 32.37
127 Mariotti, Sergio250753 30.06
128 Faragó, Iván250651 30.41
129 Vitolinš, Alvis250672 30.21
130 Suba, Mihai250259 29.25
131 Forintos, Gyözö V250153 41.09
132 Díez del Corral, Jesús250161 43.40
133 Bilek, István250053 44.05
134 Maric, Rudolf250067 49.30
135 Knaak, Rainer F249951 23.46
136 Gurgenidze, Bukhuti I249662 42.80
137 Kaplan, Julio P249655 26.10
138 Rytov, Boris249567
139 Raicevic, Vladimir249455 27.33
140 Espig, Lutz249454 27.65
141 Balinas, Rosendo Carrean249458
142 Hartston, William R249351 29.05
143 Grigorian, Karen A249355 28.98
144 Vukcevich, Milan R249273
145 Marovic, Dražen249255 38.63
146 Vogt, Lothar H249250 24.62
147 Rajkovic, Dusan249157 34.21
148 Calvo Minguez, Ricardo249160 32.85
149 Podgaets, Mikhail Y249061 29.11
150 Stean, Michael F249051 22.98
151 Rath, Ulrik248966 29.68
152 Karner, Hillar248865 41.09
153 Karaklajic, Nikola248869 50.52
154 Donner, Johannes H248852 49.15
155 Rodriguez, Amador248856 19.97
156 Katalymov, Boris N248775
157 García Gonzáles, Guillermo248753 22.73
158 Doroshkievich, Vladimir K248661 38.68
159 Keene, Raymond248651
160 Vukic, Milan248658 33.03
161 Kestler, Hans-Günter248565 36.72
162 Tatai, Stefano248452 38.44
163 Ree, Hans248350 31.95
164 Ubilava, Elizbar E248272 26.01
165 Petrosian, Arshak B248263 22.71
166 Dueball, Juergen248160 31.42
167 Westerinen, Heikki MJ248151 32.34
168 Schweber, Samuel248058 40.12
169 Mohrlok, Dieter247973
170 Radev, Nikolai247965 37.70
171 Zilberstein, Valery I247872 33.38
172 Padevsky, Nikola B247756 43.26
173 Bednarski, Jacek B247555 37.47
174 Vadasz, Laszlo247554 28.59
175 Saidy, Anthony F247464 39.29
176 Zhuravliov, Valerij247470 37.72
177 Spassov, Liuben247159 33.44
178 Ghizdavu, Dumitru247065 27.28
179 Barczay, Laszlo247054 40.53
180 Soltis, Andrew E247070 29.26
181 Honfi, Karoly247052 45.84
182 Ostojic, Predrag246956 38.53
183 Zuidema, Coenraad246971
184 Plachetka, Jan246952 31.54
185 Bleiman, Yaacov246766 28.97
186 Barle, Janez246761 24.44
187 Robatsch, Karl246559 47.87
188 Mnatsakanian, Eduard A246567 37.73
189 Ciocaltea, Victor246353 44.62
190 Yanofsky, Daniel A246365 51.43
191 Rodriguez, Ruben246365 29.73
192 Zuckerman, Bernard246167 33.42
193 Castro Rojas, Oscar Humberto246155 23.31
194 Damjanovic, Mato245954 49.44
195 Lukin, Andrei M245975 28.01
196 Moe, Mogens245875 32.47
197 Capelan, Guenter245875 44.09
198 Spiridonov, Nikola245854 38.51
199 Martz, William E245658
200 Sofrevski, Jovan245662 41.04
201 Nemet, Ivan245564 33.38
202 Hamann, Svend245563 35.89
203 Barcza, Gedeon245567 65.03
204 Hennings, Artur245566 36.14
205 Augustin, Josef245458 34.29
206 Popov, Luben245354 40.59
207 Ghitescu, Theodor245360 42.60
208 Mednis, Edmar J245353 39.44
209 Sahovic, Dragutin245372 36.06
210 Ciric, Dragoljub M245363 40.80
211 Cosulich, Roberto245271
212 Ornstein, Axel245254 24.35
213 Nunn, John D M245155 21.35
214 Szekely, Peter245159 21.56
215 Jansson, Borje245066 34.47
216 Řgaard, Leif244956 24.65
217 Musil, Vojko244873 31.04
218 Gaprindashvili, Nona244760 35.33
219 Brasket, Curt Justin244774
220 Flesch, Janos244659 42.91
221 Bohm, Hans244652 26.63
222 Lederman, Leon244568 29.27
223 Minic, Dragoljub244457 39.49
224 Lengyel, Levente244455 43.22
225 Peters, John A244364 25.56
226 Janoševic, Dragoljub244257 53.15
227 Pritchett, Craig William244161
228 Schneider, Lars Ake244162
229 Botterill, George Steven244158
230 Vranesic, Zvonko244072 37.90
231 Szmetan, Jorge244055 26.26
232 Garcia Martinez, Silvino243953 32.16
233 Christiansen, Larry M243962 20.18
234 Gerusel, Mathias243956 38.57
235 Matera, Salvatore Joseph243862
236 Prandstetter, Eduard243863 27.71
237 McKay, Roderick M243871 24.55
238 Pilnik, Herman243771 62.65
239 Biyiasas, Peter243756 25.78
240 Pintér, József243755 22.81
241 Kuijpers, Franciscus Antonius243658
242 Bisguier, Arthur B243654 46.89
243 Van Wijgerden, Cornelis243662 26.27
244 Langeweg, Kick243652 39.48
245 Minev, Nikolay N243671 45.65
246 Liebert, Heinz243554 40.27
247 Zwaig, Arne243563
248 Ignatiev, Felix N243463 44.64
249 Anikaev, Yury243465 28.17
250 Haag, Ervin243459 43.64
251 Pomar Salamanca, Arturo243453 44.99
252 Portisch, Ferenc243463 37.39
253 Garcia, Raimundo243357 40.26
254 Dely, Peter243359 42.15
255 Jakobsen, Ole243165 33.86
256 Ermenkov, Evgenij243056 26.92
257 Rodriguez Vargas, Orestes243055 33.16
258 Grinberg, Ricardo243061 28.63
259 Rukavina, Josip242858 33.76
260 Chellstorp, Craig V242868
261 Jiménez Zerquera, Eleazar242868 48.18
262 Sydor, Andrzej242757 39.66
263 Hazai, Laszlo242468 23.21
264 Scholl, Eddie C242372 31.87
265 Bertok, Mario242372 46.99
266 Hase, Juan Carlos242360
267 Lechtynsky, Jiri242257 28.77
268 Boey, Josef242171 42.29
269 Buljovcic, Ivan242162 39.68
270 Poutiainen, Pertti242058
271 Brond, Victor242059
272 Eising, Johannes241958 41.25
273 Haygarth, Michael J241867
274 Deze, Anton241763
275 Ligterink, Gert241654 26.79
276 Johannessen, Svein241669 38.87
277 Adamski, Jan241351 32.80
278 Cobo Arteaga, Eldis241262
279 Rossetto, Héctor D241258 53.97
280 Neckar, Lubomir241258 26.08
281 Peev, Peicho Chonev240958 36.41
282 Mestrovic, Zvonimir240871 31.87
283 Doda, Zbigniew240853 45.53
284 Hug, Werner240757 23.97
285 Schiffer, Karl Josef240773
286 Penrose, Jonathan240669 42.89
287 Moehring, Guenther240654 39.77
288 Bellin, Robert240655 24.17
289 Hartoch, Robert G240554
290 Zichichi, Alvise240566 38.16
291 Van Riemsdijk, Herman C240463 28.01
292 Rubinetti, Jorge A240455 31.42
293 Cuasnicu, Oscar240358 33.85
294 Webb, Simon240362 27.22
295 Kovacs, Laszlo M240163 37.90
296 Williams, Arthur Howard240164
297 Hernandez, Roman240152 26.77
298 Partos, Charles240075 40.06
299 Pytel, Krzysztof240055 31.29
300 Enklaar, Bertus F240054
301 Jamroz, Zbigniew240073 42.22
302 Mestel, A Jonathan239856 19.47
303 Martinovic, Slobodan239773 31.10
304 Diesen, Mark C239664
305 Bronstein, Luis239558 30.25
306 van Scheltinga, Tjeerd D239569 62.48
307 Nicevski, Risto239457 31.18
308 Basman, Michael J239162 30.46
309 Giterman, Shlomo239169
310 Horner, Jeff238968 27.02
311 Lehmann, Heinz Dr238863
312 Sloth, Jorn238869 31.98
313 Ost Hansen, Jacob238876
314 Marjanovic, Slavoljub238772 21.65
315 Meduna, Eduard238763 25.97
316 Sznapik, Aleksander238653 25.56
317 Kagan, Shimon238564 34.40
318 Cuartas, Carlos238564 36.04
319 Rajna, George238567 29.55
320 Dake, Arthur William238469 66.40
321 Vladimirov, Evgeny Y238375 19.61
322 De la Vega, Hector238362 50.46
323 Lukacs, Peter238362 26.14
324 Filipowicz, Andrzej238361 38.30
325 Evans, Larry D238271
326 Masic, Ljubomir238174 40.15
327 Denker, Arnold S238168 62.53
328 Markland, Peter R238167 25.38
329 Kupka, Slavoj238073 34.15
330 Karklins, Andrew238068 29.38
331 Popov, Nikolay237970
332 Ivanovic, Božidar237962 30.02
333 Soler, Alberto237868
334 Rosenlund, Thorbjorn237866 25.20
335 Garcia, Jo237771
336 Gasic, Bozidar237770 38.88
337 Wade, Robert Graham237662
338 Harandi, Khosro237659 25.99
339 Gesos, Pavlos237665 31.27
340 Navarovszky, Laszlo237563 43.41
341 Betancort Curbelo, Juan237570 34.04
342 Uddenfeldt, Dan237472 25.42
343 Rayner, Emmanuel237476 18.22
344 Kinnmark, Ove237461 31.69
345 Visier Segovia, Fernando237361 33.58
346 Garcia Padron, Jose237363 18.44
347 Whiteley, Andrew J237368 29.23
348 Kozlov, Vladimir N237272 26.25
349 Goodman, David SC237267
350 Bellon Lopez, Juan Manuel237251 26.31
351 Eslon, Jaan237267 24.49
352 Debarnot, Roberto237156 29.07
353 Corden, Martyn J237171
354 Toth, Bela237167 33.37
355 Zinn, Lothar237169 38.45
356 Pokojowczyk, Jerzy236960 27.53
357 Butnorius, Algimantas236968 29.78
358 Campos Lopez, Mario236974 33.29
359 Kozma, Julius236957 47.25
360 Garcia, Wilfredo236864 21.77
361 Rodriguez Gonzales, Jesus236768
362 De Bruycker, Bernard236666 35.21
363 Goldenberg, Richard236672 28.78
364 Speelman, Jonathan S236464 19.91
365 Silva, Fernando236360 26.07
366 Iskov, Gert236360 28.09
367 Szymczak, Zbigniew236357 24.66
368 Inkiov, Ventzislav236269 20.28
369 Foguelman, Alberto236269 52.88
370 Barreras, Alberto236268 25.40
371 Alexandria, Nana236265 26.88
372 Lombard, Andre236155 25.94
373 Gofshtein, Leonid D236168 23.36
374 Radashkovich, Itchak236067
375 Emma, Jaime J235957 38.62
376 Kostro, Jerzy235861 39.60
377 Wirthensohn, Heinz235868 25.32
378 Rocha, Antonio235766 32.22
379 Eley, Brian235773
380 Jacobsen, Bo235673 27.72
381 Ek, Hans235463 47.90
382 Velikov, Petar235472 25.42
383 Terres Trois, Francisco235476
384 Banas, Jan235466 29.24
385 Akvist, Hakan235363 34.84
386 Fichtl, Jirí235367 55.54
387 Spacek, Petr235364 22.51
388 Tompa, Janos235362 29.34
389 Pelikán, Jorge235373 70.36
390 Ostermeyer, Peter235268 32.88
391 Lanc, Alois235259 28.54
392 Rantanen, Yrjo A235165 26.36
393 Knox, Victor W234869 31.61
394 Grabczewski, Romuald234764 44.57
395 Fuller, Maxwell L234764 31.59
396 Seidler, Aldo234759
397 Liljedahl, Lennart234769 29.01
398 Tan Lian Ann234759
399 Petran, Pal234660 29.95
400 Nikolic, Stanimir234674 41.60
401 Bernat, Miguel234673 18.95
402 Trapl, Jindrich234665 34.44
403 Holm, Sejer234566 37.06
404 Anelli, Antonio234571 32.30
405 Schinzel, Wladyslaw234355 33.28
406 Dieks, Roy G234365 20.58
407 Levy, David Neil Lawrence234264
408 Czerniak, Moshe234162 66.58
409 Pernishki, Luben234173 45.20
410 Bönsch, Uwe234155 17.87
411 Szilágyi, György234061 55.16
412 Camara, Helder233973 39.57
413 Starck, Bodo233972 41.88
414 Kristiansen, Erling233864 39.71
415 Quinones, Oscar Carillo233770
416 Djuric, Stefan233773 21.10
417 Vogel, Jaap233672 28.42
418 Urzica, Aurel233673 23.80
419 Pinal, Nelson Borges233669
420 De Greif, Boris233563 46.55
421 Maciejewski, Andrzej233557 25.14
422 Naranja, Renato233467 35.93
423 Jancev, Lazo233463
424 Boudy, Julio233358 25.22
425 Horvath, Tamas233274 24.85
426 Donchenko, Anatoly G233275 35.99
427 Mueller, Klaus Uwe233258
428 Cardoso, Radolfo Tan233260
429 Garcia Palermo, Carlos232960 22.75
430 Skalkotas, Nikolaos232975 26.94
431 Bernard, Ryszard232862 32.03
432 Pesantes Carbajal, Carlos232763
433 Borngaesser, Rene232569 24.94
434 Hesse, Peter232466 31.92
435 Kuligowski, Adam232460 20.69
436 Manasterski, Lutoslaw232463 39.56
437 Jankovec, Ivan232463 37.87
438 Kushnir, Alla232463
439 Estevez Morales, Guillermo232458
440 Onat, Ilhan232270 46.74
441 Schaufelberger, Heinz232165 28.78
442 Gruenberg, Hans Ulrich232055 20.64
443 Hutchings, Stuart J232067
444 Kolbak, Jens232073 31.58
445 Boersma, Paulus A231867 28.12
446 Janetschek, Karl231874 36.37
447 Gunev, Zlatan231773 31.08
448 Nowak, Ignacy231564 27.64
449 Sikora Lerch, Jan231464
450 Cafferty, Bernard231467 42.18
451 Kaiszauri, Konstanty231469 23.84
452 Hoen, Ragnar231471 35.90
453 Osterman, Rudolf231369 30.11
454 Link, Hugo E231272 22.95
455 Lebredo, Gerardo231058 26.08
456 Van Baarle, C John231066 31.37
457 Baumbach, Friedrich230964 40.97
458 Fedder, Steen230966 25.21
459 Ardiansyah, Haji230872 24.74
460 Rodriguez Cordoba, Jesus R230669 27.21
461 Marszalek, Rafal230571 35.75
462 Wibe, Terje230571 28.90
463 Gereben, Ernö230564 69.20
464 Trois, Francisco RT230563
465 Skrobek, Ryszard230476 25.16
466 Medina García, Antonio A230363 56.91
467 Gutman, Lev230368 30.92
468 Haik, Aldo230071 23.86
469 Fraguela Gil, Jose Miguel230054
470 Delgado, Alberto230076
471 Dietze, Wolfgang229862 26.20
472 Prochownik, Franciszek229874 41.79
473 Novak, Ivan229768 33.60
474 Bazan, Osvaldo229572 41.87
475 Timman, Ton229573 28.16
476 Andres Mendez, Miguel229567
477 Verduga, Denis Homero229468
478 Paehtz, Thomas Sr229460 19.98
479 Ujtelky, Maximilián229473 61.36
480 Menvielle Lacourrelle, Augusto229360 38.05
481 Thal, Olaf229273 40.71
482 Garcia Conesa, Gregorio229173 41.59
483 Perecz, Laszlo229172 32.19
484 Frey, Kenneth228863 26.52
485 Dobosz, Henryk228764 23.45
486 Diaz, Joaquin C228756 28.15
487 Tisdall, Jonathan D228672 18.01
488 Day, Lawrence A228672 27.58
489 Savic, Andre228473
490 Petran, Peter228464 22.02
491 Drelinkiewicz, Tadeusz228469
492 Borkowski, Franciszek228064 19.08
493 Durao, Joaquim227962 45.84
494 Nikolic, Vasilije227776
495 Gutierrez, Jose Antonio227764
496 Ervin, Roy C227670 25.66
497 Fernandez, Juan C227666 25.08
498 Povah, Nigel E227376 24.12
499 Clemens, Christian227373 36.07
500 Parr, Frank227175 57.71

These ratings, calculated as of August 31, 1976, incorporate all games (against rated opponents) played in the time between September 1, 1975 and August 31, 1976, along with the ratings that were already calculated as of August 31, 1975. Players who have played an insufficient number of games in recent years will not appear on the list, even though you may see them on previous and/or subsequent lists. Any players who have been completely inactive for three years are removed from the list.

Definition of columns in the above list:

# refers to the player's world rank on this list.

Player is the full name of the player. Click on the player's name to see a career progression of the player's ratings.

Rating is the calculated rating for the player, as of August 31, 1976. This represents the player's estimated strength on September 1, 1976.

+/- is the standard deviation of the player's rating estimate. It is based on a geometric average of the number of rated games played in past years. Players who play very frequently will have a smaller +/- value, indicating a greater confidence in the accuracy of their rating. Players whose +/- value exceeds 76 are classified as "inactive" and removed from the ranking list due to their infrequent play against rated opponents. Mathematically, a player's rating is an estimate of their exact strength on September 1, 1976. The +/- value represents the standard deviation of that estimate; the player's true strength on September 1, 1976 should be within one standard deviation of their calculated rating approximately 68% of the time, and within two standard deviations of their calculated rating approximately 95% of the time.

Best? is the estimated likelihood that the player was actually the strongest player in the world on September 1, 1976. Since ratings are known to be inaccurate, it is possible that a lower-rated player is actually much stronger than their rating would indicate, and it is also possible that other players are weaker than their ratings would indicate. This number indicates the likelihood that the player is indeed the strongest player in the world. On a particular list, it will add up to 100% across the complete list of all players. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

75%? gives a 75%-confidence world ranking for the player. Because ratings are known to be inaccurate, even if a particular player is rated third in the world, we cannot say with 100% certainty that they are truly one of the three strongest players in the world. This number indicates the world rank that we are 75% sure the player is "no worse than". Thus if a player has a value of #12 in this column, we are 75% sure that the player is one of the twelve strongest players in the world. This value is only calculated for the top 100 players on any rating list.

Age is the player's exact age in years, on August 31, 1976. If a player's age is displayed as a link, that means that this rating was active at the time of their next birthday. Click on the link to see the sorted list of all players' ratings on their birthdays when turning that same age.

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