Summary: 1840 - 2005 How to use this page
Duration: covering
Most Dominant Player between 1840 and 2005 See more details
   Emanuel Lasker: 24.3 years as #1 (between June 1890 and December 1926)
The player who was ranked #1 most often between 1840 and 2005 was Emanuel Lasker, with 292 different months as the top-ranked player (a total of 24.3 years). Next on the list were Garry Kasparov (21.9 years) and Wilhelm Steinitz (14.4 years).
Highest-Rated Player between 1840 and 2005 See more details
   Bobby Fischer: 2895 (October 1971)
The player who achieved the highest peak rating between 1840 and 2005 was Bobby Fischer, with a rating of 2895 on the October 1971 list. The next-highest peak ratings between 1840 and 2005 were achieved by Garry Kasparov (2886 on the March 1993 list) and Mikhail Botvinnik (2885 on the October 1945 list).
Strongest Tournament between 1840 and 2005 Summary only | Top 5 | Top 10 | Top 20 | Top 50 | Top 100
   Vienna, 1882: Class 21 (#1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #10)
The strongest tournament held between 1840 and 2005 was Vienna 1882. This was a Class 21 tournament, including nine of the top ten players in the world (from the May 1882 rating list). The next-strongest tournaments were Linares 1993 (Class 21) and Nottingham 1936 (Class 20).
     Event       Class       Top Ten Participation    Specific participants from top ten on rating list
 #1    Vienna, 1882      21      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #10    #1 Johannes Zukertort (2755), #2 Joseph Blackburne (2716), #3 Adolf Schwarz (2657), #4 Berthold Englisch (2646), #5 George Mackenzie (2643), #6 Mikhail Chigorin (2631), #7 James Mason (2628), #8 Szymon Winawer (2625), #10 Louis Paulsen (2616) from May 1882 rating list
 #2    Linares, 1993      21      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #10    #1 Garry Kasparov (2877), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2812), #3 Vassily Ivanchuk (2798), #4 Viswanathan Anand (2762), #5 Boris Gelfand (2755), #6 Valery Salov (2752), #7 Evgeny Bareev (2743), #8 Vladimir Kramnik (2735), #10 Artur Jussupow (2726) from February 1993 rating list
 #3    Nottingham, 1936      20      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Max Euwe (2753), #2 Mikhail Botvinnik (2748), #3 Alexander Alekhine (2745), #4 Salo Flohr (2744), #5 José Capablanca (2742), #6 Samuel Reshevsky (2727), #7 Reuben Fine (2693), #8 Efim Bogoljubow (2682) from August 1936 rating list
 #4    AVRO, 1938      20      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Mikhail Botvinnik (2763), #2 Alexander Alekhine (2754), #3 Samuel Reshevsky (2745), #4 Reuben Fine (2737), #5 José Capablanca (2732), #6 Salo Flohr (2727), #7 Paul Keres (2718), #8 Max Euwe (2716) from November 1938 rating list
 #5    Linares, 1992      20      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Garry Kasparov (2864), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2807), #3 Vassily Ivanchuk (2795), #4 Boris Gelfand (2761), #5 Valery Salov (2744), #6 Evgeny Bareev (2739), #7 Nigel Short (2736), #8 Viswanathan Anand (2735) from February 1992 rating list
 #6    Wijk aan Zee (Corus), 2001      20      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Garry Kasparov (2850), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2820), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2815), #4 Peter Leko (2768), #5 Alexander Morozevich (2757), #6 Alexei Shirov (2750), #7 Vassily Ivanchuk (2749), #8 Michael Adams (2743) from January 2001 rating list
 #7    London, 1883      19      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7    #1 Wilhelm Steinitz (2794), #2 Johannes Zukertort (2736), #3 Szymon Winawer (2708), #4 Joseph Blackburne (2703), #5 George Mackenzie (2702), #6 James Mason (2698), #7 Berthold Englisch (2628) from April 1883 rating list
 #8    Wijk aan Zee (Hoogovens), 1999      19      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7    #1 Garry Kasparov (2840), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2825), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2803), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2754), #5 Alexei Shirov (2746), #6 Veselin Topalov (2745), #7 Peter Svidler (2744) from January 1999 rating list
 #9    Linares, 1994      19      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #7, #8, #9    #1 Garry Kasparov (2864), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2799), #3 Viswanathan Anand (2784), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2778), #5 Vladimir Kramnik (2765), #7 Boris Gelfand (2746), #8 Alexei Shirov (2743), #9 Gata Kamsky (2737) from February 1994 rating list
 #10    Hastings, 1895      19      #1, #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #8, #9    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2860), #2 Siegbert Tarrasch (2823), #3 Wilhelm Steinitz (2763), #4 Mikhail Chigorin (2743), #6 Richard Teichmann (2713), #7 Curt von Bardeleben (2708), #8 Joseph Blackburne (2701), #9 Carl Walbrodt (2678) from August 1895 rating list
 #11    St. Petersburg, 1914      18      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6    #1 Akiba Rubinstein (2784), #2 José Capablanca (2771), #3 Frank Marshall (2754), #4 Alexander Alekhine (2753), #5 Aron Nimzowitsch (2738), #6 Siegbert Tarrasch (2723) from April 1914 rating list
 #12    Reggio Emilia, 1991      18      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #7, #9    #1 Garry Kasparov (2869), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2811), #3 Vassily Ivanchuk (2799), #4 Boris Gelfand (2755), #5 Valery Salov (2743), #7 Mikhail Gurevich (2729), #9 Viswanathan Anand (2728) from December 1991 rating list
 #13    Linares, 1998      18      #1, #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #10    #1 Garry Kasparov (2861), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2828), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2817), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2774), #6 Veselin Topalov (2761), #7 Alexei Shirov (2731), #10 Peter Svidler (2723) from February 1998 rating list
 #14    Linares, 1999      18      #1, #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #8    #1 Garry Kasparov (2857), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2832), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2800), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2753), #6 Peter Svidler (2741), #7 Veselin Topalov (2739), #8 Michael Adams (2735) from February 1999 rating list
 #15    Baden-Baden, 1870      18      #1, #2, #3, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9    #1 Adolf Anderssen (2714), #2 Gustav Neumann (2703), #3 Wilhelm Steinitz (2696), #5 Louis Paulsen (2638), #6 Szymon Winawer (2614), #7 Cecil de Vere (2601), #8 Joseph Blackburne (2578), #9 Samuel Rosenthal (2544) from July 1870 rating list
 #16    Zurich (Candidates), 1953      18      #1, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10    #1 Samuel Reshevsky (2781), #3 Vassily Smyslov (2765), #4 Miguel Najdorf (2753), #5 Efim Geller (2734), #6 Alexander Kotov (2727), #7 David Bronstein (2724), #8 Isaak Boleslavsky (2722), #9 Gideon Stĺhlberg (2722), #10 Paul Keres (2721) from August 1953 rating list
 #17    San Sebastian, 1911      18      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10    #2 Akiba Rubinstein (2775), #3 Carl Schlechter (2763), #4 José Capablanca (2740), #5 Oldrich Duras (2738), #6 Richard Teichmann (2733), #7 Aron Nimzowitsch (2712), #8 Frank Marshall (2703), #9 Rudolf Spielmann (2701), #10 Milan Vidmar Sr (2678) from February 1911 rating list
 #18    Karlsbad, 1929      18      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10    #2 José Capablanca (2801), #3 Aron Nimzowitsch (2772), #4 Efim Bogoljubow (2759), #5 Max Euwe (2739), #6 Milan Vidmar Sr (2709), #7 Akiba Rubinstein (2702), #8 Saviely Tartakower (2689), #9 Rudolf Spielmann (2673), #10 Friedrich Sämisch (2665) from July 1929 rating list
 #19    Nurnberg, 1896      17      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #7    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2836), #2 Siegbert Tarrasch (2786), #3 Mikhail Chigorin (2759), #4 Wilhelm Steinitz (2750), #5 Harry Pillsbury (2736), #7 Richard Teichmann (2700) from July 1896 rating list
 #20    Belfort (World Cup), 1988      17      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #7    #1 Garry Kasparov (2856), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2820), #3 Alexander Beliavsky (2756), #4 Jan Timman (2751), #5 Artur Jussupow (2736), #7 Nigel Short (2734) from June 1988 rating list
 #21    Las Palmas, 1996      17      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #7    #1 Garry Kasparov (2841), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2805), #3 Anatoly Karpov (2800), #4 Vladimir Kramnik (2791), #5 Vassily Ivanchuk (2790), #7 Veselin Topalov (2757) from December 1996 rating list
 #22    London, 1922      17      #1, #2, #3, #4, #6, #10    #1 José Capablanca (2827), #2 Alexander Alekhine (2789), #3 Akiba Rubinstein (2742), #4 Saviely Tartakower (2705), #6 Efim Bogoljubow (2689), #10 Richard Réti (2658) from July 1922 rating list
 #23    Linares, 1991      17      #1, #2, #3, #4, #7, #8, #10    #1 Garry Kasparov (2870), #2 Anatoly Karpov (2826), #3 Vassily Ivanchuk (2790), #4 Boris Gelfand (2755), #7 Valery Salov (2732), #8 Mikhail Gurevich (2728), #10 Alexander Beliavsky (2724) from February 1991 rating list
 #24    Linares, 1997      17      #1, #2, #4, #5, #6, #8, #9    #1 Garry Kasparov (2848), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2810), #4 Vladimir Kramnik (2794), #5 Vassily Ivanchuk (2786), #6 Veselin Topalov (2762), #8 Alexei Shirov (2735), #9 Boris Gelfand (2726) from February 1997 rating list
 #25    Frankfurt, 1887      17      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #9, #10    #2 Joseph Blackburne (2738), #3 Isidor Gunsberg (2726), #4 Amos Burn (2670), #5 Johannes Zukertort (2666), #6 Emil Schallopp (2650), #7 George Mackenzie (2642), #9 Miksa Weiss (2635), #10 Siegbert Tarrasch (2635) from July 1887 rating list
 #26    Linares, 2000      16      #1, #2, #3, #4, #5    #1 Garry Kasparov (2875), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2810), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2797), #4 Peter Leko (2755), #5 Alexei Shirov (2754) from February 2000 rating list
 #27    Ostend, 1905      16      #1, #2, #3, #6, #7, #8, #9    #1 Géza Maróczy (2781), #2 Dawid Janowsky (2770), #3 Siegbert Tarrasch (2744), #6 Carl Schlechter (2733), #7 Mikhail Chigorin (2723), #8 Frank Marshall (2715), #9 Richard Teichmann (2703) from January 1905 rating list
 #28    Paris, 1900      16      #1, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2851), #3 Harry Pillsbury (2801), #4 Géza Maróczy (2748), #5 Dawid Janowsky (2745), #6 Mikhail Chigorin (2718), #7 Carl Schlechter (2716), #8 Amos Burn (2713) from May 1900 rating list
 #29    Dos Hermanas, 1996      16      #1, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #1 Garry Kasparov (2832), #3 Viswanathan Anand (2795), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2788), #5 Vladimir Kramnik (2780), #6 Gata Kamsky (2774), #7 Veselin Topalov (2735), #8 Alexei Shirov (2732) from May 1996 rating list
 #30    Moscow, 1925      16      #1, #3, #4, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2795), #3 José Capablanca (2756), #4 Efim Bogoljubow (2726), #6 Akiba Rubinstein (2697), #7 Frank Marshall (2682), #8 Ernst Grünfeld (2669), #9 Richard Réti (2668), #10 Saviely Tartakower (2666) from November 1925 rating list
 #31    Tilburg, 1983      16      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8    #2 Anatoly Karpov (2806), #3 Ulf Andersson (2743), #4 Rafael Vaganian (2734), #5 Boris Spassky (2732), #6 Lajos Portisch (2731), #7 Jan Timman (2728), #8 Ljubomir Ljubojevic (2727) from October 1983 rating list
 #32    Vienna, 1898      16      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #9    #2 Harry Pillsbury (2756), #3 Mikhail Chigorin (2742), #4 Géza Maróczy (2737), #5 Siegbert Tarrasch (2728), #6 Wilhelm Steinitz (2725), #7 Dawid Janowsky (2723), #9 Carl Walbrodt (2689) from May 1898 rating list
 #33    Bad Kissingen, 1928      16      #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10    #2 José Capablanca (2791), #3 Aron Nimzowitsch (2771), #4 Efim Bogoljubow (2735), #6 Max Euwe (2721), #7 Akiba Rubinstein (2702), #8 Saviely Tartakower (2684), #9 Frank Marshall (2674), #10 Rudolf Spielmann (2667) from August 1928 rating list
 #34    Linares, 2003      15      #1, #2, #3, #4, #7    #1 Garry Kasparov (2847), #2 Vladimir Kramnik (2800), #3 Viswanathan Anand (2793), #4 Peter Leko (2753), #7 Ruslan Ponomariov (2744) from February 2003 rating list
 #35    Moscow (Alekhine Memorial), 1956      15      #1, #2, #3, #4, #9    #1 Vassily Smyslov (2793), #2 Paul Keres (2782), #3 David Bronstein (2770), #4 Mikhail Botvinnik (2756), #9 Mark Taimanov (2714) from January 1956 rating list
 #36    Amsterdam (Candidates), 1956      15      #1, #2, #3, #5, #7, #8    #1 Vassily Smyslov (2793), #2 Paul Keres (2782), #3 David Bronstein (2770), #5 Tigran Petrosian (2755), #7 Efim Geller (2720), #8 Boris Spassky (2714) from January 1956 rating list
 #37    Wijk aan Zee (Corus), 2000      15      #1, #2, #3, #5, #7, #9    #1 Garry Kasparov (2868), #2 Viswanathan Anand (2810), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2796), #5 Alexander Morozevich (2748), #7 Peter Leko (2739), #9 Michael Adams (2736) from January 2000 rating list
 #38    Moscow (URS Championship), 1952      15      #1, #2, #3, #6, #7, #8    #1 Vassily Smyslov (2776), #2 David Bronstein (2774), #3 Paul Keres (2769), #6 Mikhail Botvinnik (2748), #7 Isaak Boleslavsky (2719), #8 Efim Geller (2712) from January 1952 rating list
 #39    Moscow (URS Championship), 1955      15      #1, #2, #3, #6, #7, #9    #1 Vassily Smyslov (2793), #2 Mikhail Botvinnik (2778), #3 Paul Keres (2766), #6 Tigran Petrosian (2739), #7 Mark Taimanov (2732), #9 Viktor Korchnoi (2711) from February 1955 rating list
 #40    New York, 1924      15      #1, #2, #3, #7, #8, #9, #10    #1 Alexander Alekhine (2776), #2 José Capablanca (2765), #3 Emanuel Lasker (2738), #7 Efim Bogoljubow (2689), #8 Saviely Tartakower (2677), #9 Géza Maróczy (2675), #10 Richard Réti (2673) from March 1924 rating list
 #41    St. Petersburg, 1909      15      #1, #2, #4, #5, #7, #8    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2814), #2 Akiba Rubinstein (2759), #4 Carl Schlechter (2744), #5 Oldrich Duras (2738), #7 Richard Teichmann (2700), #8 Milan Vidmar Sr (2696) from January 1909 rating list
 #42    Moscow, 1981      15      #1, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7    #1 Anatoly Karpov (2813), #3 Garry Kasparov (2755), #4 Jan Timman (2739), #5 Lajos Portisch (2736), #6 Alexander Beliavsky (2733), #7 Lev Polugaevsky (2729) from April 1981 rating list
 #43    Ostend, 1906      15      #1, #3, #4, #5, #6, #9    #1 Géza Maróczy (2817), #3 Dawid Janowsky (2764), #4 Carl Schlechter (2745), #5 Frank Marshall (2726), #6 Richard Teichmann (2713), #9 Ossip Bernstein (2688), #10 Georg Marco (2663) from January 1906 rating list
 #44    San Remo, 1930      15      #1, #3, #4, #5, #7, #8, #9    #1 Alexander Alekhine (2821), #3 Aron Nimzowitsch (2779), #4 Efim Bogoljubow (2735), #5 Akiba Rubinstein (2735), #7 Rudolf Spielmann (2699), #8 Milan Vidmar Sr (2691), #9 Saviely Tartakower (2680) from January 1930 rating list
 #45    London, 1899      15      #1, #3, #4, #5, #7, #9, #10    #1 Emanuel Lasker (2813), #3 Harry Pillsbury (2794), #4 Wilhelm Steinitz (2737), #5 Dawid Janowsky (2735), #7 Mikhail Chigorin (2726), #9 Géza Maróczy (2711), #10 Carl Schlechter (2697) from May 1899 rating list
 #46    Bled, 1931      15      #1, #3, #4, #5, #8, #9, #10    #1 Alexander Alekhine (2850), #3 Aron Nimzowitsch (2762), #4 Isaac Kashdan (2731), #5 Efim Bogoljubow (2726), #8 Saviely Tartakower (2693), #9 Rudolf Spielmann (2661), #10 Milan Vidmar Sr (2654) from January 1931 rating list
 #47    Monte Carlo, 1902      15      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #10    #2 Harry Pillsbury (2811), #3 Géza Maróczy (2761), #4 Carl Schlechter (2747), #5 Dawid Janowsky (2720), #6 Mikhail Chigorin (2718), #10 Theodor von Scheve (2669) from January 1902 rating list
 #48    Bradford, 1888      15      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7    #2 Joseph Blackburne (2747), #3 Isidor Gunsberg (2719), #4 Miksa Weiss (2696), #5 Curt von Bardeleben (2677), #6 George Mackenzie (2676), #7 Amos Burn (2664) from August 1888 rating list
 #49    Buenos Aires Sicilian, 1994      15      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #8    #2 Anatoly Karpov (2814), #3 Viswanathan Anand (2792), #4 Vassily Ivanchuk (2784), #5 Gata Kamsky (2772), #6 Valery Salov (2759), #8 Alexei Shirov (2750) from October 1994 rating list
 #50    Dortmund, 1997      15      #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #9    #2 Viswanathan Anand (2823), #3 Vladimir Kramnik (2810), #4 Anatoly Karpov (2784), #5 Vassily Ivanchuk (2777), #6 Veselin Topalov (2762), #9 Boris Gelfand (2723) from July 1997 rating list
NOTE: "Class" is a Chessmetrics formula used to rank the strength of a tournament, by using the participation of top-10 players from the rating list (rather than just using the average rating of all participants). For more details, go here.
Strongest Match between 1840 and 2005 See more details
   Karpov-Kasparov V (World Championship, Lyon/New York), 1990: #1 vs #2
The strongest match held between 1840 and 2005 was Karpov-Kasparov V (World Championship, Lyon/New York), 1990. This was a matchup of #1 vs #2, including #1 Garry Kasparov (2877) and #2 Anatoly Karpov (2827) from the October 1990 rating list. Next on the list were Karpov-Kasparov III (World Championship, London/Leningrad), 1986 (#1 vs #2) and Karpov-Kasparov IV (World Championship, Sevilla), 1987 (#1 vs #2).
Best Individual Event Performance between 1840 and 2005 See more details
   Anatoly Karpov: 2899 in Linares, 1994
The best individual event performance between 1840 and 2005 was achieved by Anatoly Karpov with a Chessmetrics Performance Rating of 2899 in Linares, 1994. The next-best individual event performances were achieved by Bobby Fischer (2887 performance) in Fischer-Larsen Match (Candidates semifinal, Denver), 1971, and by Emanuel Lasker (2882 performance) in Lasker-Steinitz II (World Championship, Moscow), 1896.